The morphology of the antennal lobe of Ambrostoma quadriimpressum (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)
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ORIGINAL PAPER
The morphology of the antennal lobe of Ambrostoma quadriimpressum (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Jihua Hu1 • Fan Sun2
Received: 14 May 2018 / Accepted: 6 December 2018 Ó Northeast Forestry University 2019
Abstract The structure of the primary olfactory brain center was studied in male and female adult Ambrostoma quadriimpressum by means of a series of histological sections labeled using the reduced-silver-stain technique. The antennal lobe was elliptical, and the total number of glomeruli was approximately 50 in the antennal lobe in both sexes. There was no sexual dimorphism with respect to the size of the antennal lobe or the number and shape of glomeruli. Keywords Olfaction Glomeruli Antennal lobe Leaf beetle
Introduction For many insects, the olfactory sense, and therefore the antenna, is of utmost importance not only in their search for food, but also in intraspecific communication (Hartlieb and Anderson 1999). As the primary olfactory center, the antennal lobe (AL) constitutes the first synaptic relay
Project funding: This research was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China Heilongjiang (C2017059). The online version is available at http://www.springerlink.com. Corresponding editor: Chai Ruihai. & Fan Sun [email protected] 1
Institute of Microbiology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150010, People’s Republic of China
2
School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, People’s Republic of China
station of the antennal afferent pathway: it receives input from antennal olfactory sensory neurons and sends output to higher brain centers (Rospars 1988; Hildebrand and Shepherd 1997). The ALs of insects and the olfactory bulbs of vertebrates are characterized by their subdivision into structural units called glomeruli (Anton and Homberg 1999). Each comprises a cell body that is housed within a sensillum on the antenna, projecting to a separate glomeruli in the ipsilateral antennal lobe (Christensen et al. 1995; Tolbert and Hildebrand 1981). Thus, the glomerular array is believed to constitute a chemotopic map, which ultimately leads to olfactory coding (Christensen and White 2000; Galizia and Menzel 2000, 2001; Ignell et al. 2005). Because of their functional significance, glomeruli have been anatomically mapped in several insect species (Anton and Homberg 1999). Their size, number, and arrangement have been shown to be conserved within individuals of each species (Tolbert and Hildebrand 1981; Rospars 1983; Anton and Homberg 1999), meaning that insects seem to have a species-specific glomerular arrangement. Generally, intraspecific variation in the number, shape, size and position of glomeruli is low (Rospars and Hildebrand 1992; Galizia et al. 1999; Laissue et al. 1999; Berg et al. 2002; Smid et al. 2003; Schachtner et al. 2005). Sexually dimorphic AL glomerular organization in a number of Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera, and Dictyoptera has been explored in previous literature. The ALs of male moths (Rospars 1983; Rospars and Hildebrand 1992) and cockroach
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