Thorium Recoil Reactions

High-energy chemistry describes the physical and chemical reactions of atoms, ions, molecules, molecular fragments, etc. that are not in thermal equilibrium with their surroundings [1 to 3]. Nuclear recoil chemistry (also called hot atom chemistry or chem

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Gmelin Handbook of Inorganic Chemistry 8th Edition

Grnelin Handbook of Inorganic Chemistry 8th Edition

Gmelin Handbuch der Anorganischen Chemie Achte, voUig neu bearbeitete Auflage

Prepared and issued by

Gmelin-Institut fUr Anorganische Chemie der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Wissenschaften Director: Ekkehard Fluck

Founded by

Leopold Gmelin

8th Edition

8th Edition begun under the auspices of the Deutsche Chemische GeseUschaft by R. J. Meyer

Continued by

E. H. E. Pietsch and A. Kotowski, and by Margot Becke-Goehring

Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg GmbH 1989

GmeLin-lnstitut fUr Anorganische Chemie der Max-PLanck-GeseLLsc.haft zur Forderung der Wissenschaften

ADVISORY BOARD

Dr. G. BreiL, Chairman (Ruhrchemie AG, Oberhausen-HoLten), Prof. Dr. K. Dehnicke (PhiLippsUniversitat, Marburg), Prof. Dr. N. N. Greenwood (University of Leeds), Prof. Dr. H. GrunewaLd (Bayer AG, Leverkusen), Prof. Dr. H. Harnisch (Hoechst AG, Frankfurt/Main-Hochst), Prof. Dr. H. Noth (Universitat Munchen), Prof. Dr. H. Offermanns (Degussa AG, Frankfurt/Main), Prof. Dr. G. zu PutLitz (Universitat HeideLberg), Prof. Dr. A. Rabenau (Max-PLanck-lnstitut fUr Festkorperforschung, Stuttgart), Prof. Dr. A. Simon (Max-PLanck-lnstitut fUr Festkorperforschung, Stuttgart), Prot. Dr. Dr. A. H. Staab (Prasident der Max-PLanck-GeseLLschaft, Munchen), Prof. Dr. Dr. h. c. muLt. G. WiLke (Max-PLanck-lnstitut fur KohLenforschung, MuLheim/Ruhr)

DIRECTOR

DEPUTY DIRECTOR

Prof. Dr. Dr. h. c. Ekkehard Fluck

Dr. W. Lippert

CORRESPONDENT MEMBERS OF THE SCIENTIFIC STAFF

Dr. B. Baker, Dr. P. L. BayLess, Dr. V. Haase, Dr. E. F. Hockings, DipL.-Ing. G. Kirschstein, Dr. W. F. McNamara, Dr. K. Rumpf, Dr. K. Swars

EMERITUS MEMBER OF THE INSTITUTE

Prof. Dr. Dr. E. h. Margot Becke

CORRESPONDENT MEMBERS OF THE INSTITUTE

Prof. Dr. Hans Bock Prof. Dr. Dr. A