Thrombosis centres and AVKs monitoring in COVID-19 pandemic
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Thrombosis centres and AVKs monitoring in COVID‑19 pandemic Doris Barcellona1,2 · Francesco Marongiu1 Received: 16 May 2020 / Accepted: 8 July 2020 © Società Italiana di Medicina Interna (SIMI) 2020
Abstract Vitamin K-Antagonists (VKAs) are the treatment of choice in patients with indications other than atrial fibrillation and venous thromboembolism. Moreover, some patients still assume VKAs refusing to change their therapy when direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are properly indicated. The COVID-19 pandemic has completely changed our lives, nullifying inter-personal relationships to avoid contagion, making difficult the VKAs monitoring. We describe the re-organization of our thrombosis centre (TC) as an example on how to face the emergency due to the COVID-19 pandemic. In the first phase, to avoid overcrowding at the TC, we planned to increase the interval time between INRs checks and to encourage blood sampling at home, especially for elderly patients. Moreover, precise scheduled blood sampling was also organized while telephone and email counselling were guaranteed by two doctors of the TC. In the second phase, to reduce the number of patients who daily attended our TC a switch from VKAs to DOACs was carried out, if no contraindications were identified. In the third phase, to protect patients, healthcare staff and hospital from COVID-19 widespread, telemedicine was strengthened. We tried to extend self-testing at home by means of portable coagulometers to as more patients as possible. To avoid patients staying or coming back to the TC an ad hoc web platform for sending the therapeutic dose adjustment and the next scheduled appointment was developed. The TC re-organization allowed us to monitor anticoagulated patients respecting personal isolation and security measures to avoid possible COVID-19 contagion. Keywords Vitamin K antagonists · Direct oral anticoagulants · Thrombosis centres · COVID-19 pandemic
Introduction Oral anticoagulants are life-saving treatment for patients affected by cardiovascular disease. Vitamin K Antagonists (VKAs) have been recently almost replaced by Direct Oral Anticoagulants (DOACs) in the treatment of patients affected by atrial fibrillation and venous thromboembolism [1]. However, there are patients who still need treatment with VKAs due to severe kidney failure or other pathological indications such as mechanical heart valves prosthesis or Antiphospholipid Syndrome. Moreover, some patients still assume VKAs refusing to change their therapy when a DOAC is properly indicated or have to be treated again with VKAs because of DOAC failure [2]. In Italy, the Italian Federation of Centres for the diagnosis and the Surveillance of * Doris Barcellona [email protected] 1
Department of Medical Science and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
SHRO, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
2
the Antithrombotic therapy (FCSA) is an important national network of Thrombosis Centres (TC) that have a central role in monitoring patients trea
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