True Bugs (Heteroptera) of the Neotropics
True bugs (Heteroptera) are a diverse and complex group of plant-feeding and predatory insects important to food production, human health, the global economy and the environment. Within the nearly 43,000 species described around the world, Neotropic
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Antônio R. Panizzi Jocélia Grazia Editors
True Bugs (Heteroptera) of the Neotropics
Entomology in Focus Volume 2
Series editor Fernando L. Cônsoli, Piracicaba, Brazil
Insects are the most common and widespread organisms on Earth, where they colonize the most diverse habitats and are part of our everyday life. Insects are important organisms in nature as they constitute an important source of nutrients in the diet of a number of invertebrates and vertebrates, having a direct impact on many food chains. Their contributions to natural environments are recognized as they are important in recycling nutrients and maintaining reproduction in several plants due to their role as pollinators. Insects are also recognized by their beneficial and prejudicial interactions with humans. The beneficial interactions involve the direct or indirect exploitation of insects as a source of food or secondary products, for example, while the prejudicial interactions involve the damage they cause to our cultivated plants and to the diseases they vector to humans, plants and animals. The book series Entomology in Focus is intended to accelerate our understanding on the diversity of insects and on their mode of life and ecology in ways to provide a broad understanding on how these organisms can affect our lives and how we can diminish their noxious effects and exploit the benefits they provide to nature and humans. Therefore, books in this series are expected to provide a comprehensive synthesis of basic and/or applied topics in the field of Entomology.
More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/10465
Antônio R. Panizzi • Jocélia Grazia Editors
True Bugs (Heteroptera) of the Neotropics
Editors Antônio R. Panizzi Laboratório de Entomologia Embrapa Trigo, Passo Fundo RS, Brazil
Jocélia Grazia Departamento de Zoologia Instituto de Biociências Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
ISSN 2405-853X ISSN 2405-8548 (electronic) Entomology in Focus ISBN 978-94-017-9860-0 ISBN 978-94-017-9861-7 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-94-017-9861-7 Library of Congress Control Number: 2015950651 Springer Dordrecht Heidelberg New York London © Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2015 Chapters 10 and 16 was created within the capacity of an US governmental employment. US copyright protection does not apply. This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulat
