Turning of Thermoplastics Using Ceramic Cutting Tools
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TURNING OF THERMOPLASTICS USING CERAMIC CUTTING TOOLS O. Yu. Erenkov,1, 2 D. O. Yavorskii,1 A. M. Kalenskii,1 and I. Ya. Lopushanskii1 Translated from Steklo i Keramika, No. 5, pp. 39 – 42, May, 2020. The question of evaluating the efficiency of turning polymer materials using cutting ceramics is examined. It is proved experimentally that turning caprolon and fluoroplastic using a cutting plate made from KNT16 cermet gives a higher-quality machined surface. This is attested by the lower values of the roughness metrics and type of chips as compared with turning using VK8 tungsten-cobalt alloy. Key words: thermoplastics, turning, cutting tool, tungsten-cobalt hard alloy, cutting ceramic, cermet, chip forming, roughness.
It is well known that polymer materials belong to a class of materials which are difficult to machine by cutting, and, conventionally, tools based on tungsten-cobalt hard alloys of the type VK6 and VK8 are used for turning such materials [1, 2]. In addition the problem of obtaining high-quality machined surfaces of parts made from polymer materials has still not been fully solved. One solution to this problem is to select the cutting tool material judiciously. Currently, cutting ceramic tools are actively used for machining metallic parts and alloys by cutting. The cutting ceramic is characterized by high hardness (including on heating), durability, and chemical inertness with respect to most metals in the cutting process. In terms of the combination of these properties ceramics greatly surpass the conventional cutting materials, such as fast-speed steels and hard alloys [3 – 5]. Tungsten-free hard alloys, or cermets, are widely used for the manufacture of high-quality cutting tools. These materials are based on refractory compounds in the form of titanium carbide or carbonitride. Metals serve as a cementing phase — nickel and (or) cobalt, with group-4, -5, and -6 transition-metal hardening additives (Mo, W, Cf, Nb, and so on). The purpose of the present work is to determine on the basis of experimental studies the efficiency of turning polymer materials using indexable inserts [replaceable polyhedral plates] made from cutting ceramic.
are widely used in different industries as structural materials for manufacturing a wide range of parts for different functional purposes. The turning was performed using a Model RT755F311 CNC Chuck-Center Lathe. The main parameters of the cutting process and the geometry of the cutting part of the tool were chosen judiciously on the basis of previous studies [6]. The thermoplastics were turned with assembly tools equipped with replaceable polyhedral plates (RPHP) manufactured from different tool materials, specifically, one made from tungsten-cobalt alloy VK8 and another from a ceramic material, viz. the tungsten-free hard alloy KNT16. The alloy KNT16 is manufactured by Virial JSC (St. Petersburg, Russia) and possesses the following chemical composition (by weight, %): 74 titanium carbonitride, 19.5 nickel, and 6.5 molybdenum. A specific feature of ce
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