Ultra-Wideband Radio Frequency Identification Systems
Ultra-Wideband Radio Frequency Identification Systems describes the essentials of radio frequency identification systems as well as their target markets. The authors provide a study of commercially available RFID systems and characterizes their perfo
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Faranak Nekoogar Farid Dowla ●
Ultra-Wideband Radio Frequency Identification Systems
Faranak Nekoogar Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore, CA, USA [email protected]
Farid Dowla Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore, CA, USA [email protected]
ISBN 978-1-4419-9700-5 e-ISBN 978-1-4419-9701-2 DOI 10.1007/978-1-4419-9701-2 Springer New York Dordrecht Heidelberg London Library of Congress Control Number: 2011932221 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2011 All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher (Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
To my son, Connor, for his patience throughout preparation of this book. Faranak Nekoogar To my son, Maxime, for his “Ultrawideband” imagination, and my daughter, Emma, for her “Remote Powering” energy! Farid Dowla
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Preface
Long-range radio-frequency (RF) tags are becoming increasingly important in a number of different sensor network applications. Our effort in this book is to discuss the potential advantages of ultra-wideband (UWB) RF systems for designing longrange RF tags that are passive; i.e. sensors that communicate without batteries. While the technology of UWB RF tags is still at an early stage of research and development, today UWB communications and radar systems can be considered mature technologies. The GHz’s of bandwidth of pulsed RF UWB communications and radar systems have proven to be extremely useful in harsh electromagnetic (EM) environments. Because RF tags address similar technical challenges faced by wireless communication and radar systems, in this book we discuss the key technical challenges of short and long range passive RF tags and discuss how UWB signals and systems might be employed to address those challenges. When we began the project of writing a book on this subject, our goal was to focus just on UWB RF tags as that was the area of our research and there was a gap on this subject in the technical literature. However, during the process of writing the book, it became clear that the reader would benefit tremendously by including a comparative discussion on narrow-band and low-frequency RF tags in order to evaluate the benefits of UWB RF tags. The first few chapters have been developed to not only review the history and technology of RF tags and RFIDS, b
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