Unexpected high frequency of neurofibroma in the celiac ganglion of German cattle
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Open Access
Unexpected high frequency of neurofibroma in the celiac ganglion of German cattle Insa Dammann1,2,6†, Wiebke M. Wemheuer1†, Arne Wrede1, Wilhelm E. Wemheuer3, Amely Campe4, Jutta Petschenka7, Ulf Schulze‑Sturm8, Uwe Hahmann2, Claus P. Czerny3^, Pia Münster3,9, Bertram Brening3, Lothar Kreienbrock4, Christiane Herden5 and Walter J. Schulz‑Schaeffer1*
Abstract In a study originally designed to find potential risk factors for bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) we examined tissues from 403 Holstein Frisian cattle in total. These included 20 BSE cattle and their 236 birth- and feeding cohort animals plus 32 offspring, 103 age, breed and district-matched control cattle and further twelve cattle with neurologi‑ cal signs. In addition to the obex, we examined the celiac ganglion, cervical cranial ganglion, trigeminal ganglion and proximal ganglion of the vagus nerve using histological techniques. Unexpectedly, we found a high number of neu‑ rofibroma, a benign peripheral nerve sheath tumor consisting of Schwann cells, fibroblasts and perineural cells. The neurofibroma were present only in the celiac ganglion and found during histologic examination. With a frequency of 9.91% in BSE cattle and their cohorts (case animals) and 9.09% in the age, breed and district matched control animals there seems to be no correlation between the occurrence of BSE and neurofibroma. Benign peripheral nerve sheath tumors have been described more often in cattle than in other domestic animals. Usually, they are incidental macro‑ scopic findings in the thoracic ganglia during meat inspection. To our knowledge, there are no previous systematic histologic studies including bovine celiac ganglia at all. The high incidence of celiac ganglia neurofibroma may play a role in the frequently occurring abomasal displacements in Holstein Frisian cattle as the tumors might cause a gastro‑ intestinal motility disorder. At present a genetic predisposition for these neoplasms cannot be ruled out. Introduction Systematic sampling of nerve tissues in asymptomatic dairy cattle and their histologic investigation are rare, even though they give valuable information on animal health and the epidemiologic status of infectious diseases such as Listeriosis [1, 2]. In the present study, we had the unique opportunity to examine nerve tissues from a total of 403 German cattle in a setting that was planned and taken out during the BSE crisis. Cases of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) in Germany initiated a project *Correspondence: Walter.schulz‑[email protected] † Insa Dammann and Wiebke M. Wemheuer contributed equally ^ Claus P. Czerny: Deceased (28.03.2019) 1 Institute of Neuropathology, Medical Faculty of the Saarland University, Homburg, Germany Full list of author information is available at the end of the article
in which the acquisition of samples from BSE cohort cattle was planned to find potential risk factors promoting prion propagation. For this purpose, also a selection of extra-cerebral tissues was made on the basis of
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