Universal T/B Scaling Behavior of Heavy Fermion Compounds (Brief Review)
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Universal T /B Scaling Behavior of Heavy Fermion Compounds (Mini-review) V. R. Shaginyan+∗1) , A. Z. Msezane∗ , J. W. Clark×◦, G. S. Japaridze∗, Y. S. Leevik∇ + Petersburg
Nuclear Physics Institute, National Research Center Kurchatov Institute, 188300 Gatchina, Russia ∗ Clark
× McDonnell ◦ Centro
Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA
Center for the Space Sciences & Department of Physics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
de Investiga¸ca ˜ o em Matem´ atica e Aplica¸co˜es, University of Madeira, 9020-105 Funchal, Madeira, Portugal ∇ National
Research University Higher School of Economics, 194100 St. Petersburg, Russia Submitted 5 October 2020 Resubmitted 23 October 2020 Accepted 24 October 2020
In our mini-review, we address manifestations of T /B scaling behavior of heavy-fermion (HF) compounds, where T and B are respectively temperature and magnetic field. Using experimental data and the fermion condensation theory, we show that this scaling behavior is typical of HF compounds including HF metals, quasicrystals, and quantum spin liquids. We demonstrate that such scaling behavior holds down to the lowest temperature and field values, so that T /B varies in a wide range, provided the HF compound is located near the topological fermion condensation quantum phase transition (FCQPT). Due to the topological properties of FCQPT, the effective mass M ∗ exhibits a universal behavior, and diverges as T goes to zero. Such a behavior of M ∗ has important technological applications. We also explain how to extract the universal scaling behavior from experimental data collected on different heavy-fermion compounds. As an example, we consider the HF metal YbCo2 Ge4 , and show that its scaling behavior is violated at low temperatures. Our results obtained show good agreement with experimental facts. DOI: 10.1134/S0021364020220026
Introduction. Topological approach is a powerful method to gain information about a wide class of physical systems. Knowledge of the topological properties allows us to improve a general knowledge about physical systems without solving specific equations, which describe concrete systems and are often very complicated. As usually, the microscopic approach to a heavy fermion (HF) metal (for example, computer simulations) gives only particular information about specific solids, but not about universal features, inherent in the wide class of HF compounds. HF compounds can be viewed as the new state of matter, since their behavior near the topological fermion condensation quantum phase transition (FCQPT) acquire important similarities, making them universal. The idea of this phase transition, forming experimentally discovered flat bands, started long ago, in 1990 [1–3]. At first, this idea seemed to be a curious mathematical exercise, and now it is proved to be rapidly expanding field with uncountable applications [1–9]. 1) e-mail:
The scaling behavior of HF compounds is a challenging problem of condensed matter physics [6, 10–13]. It is generally assumed that scaling with respect to T /B (t
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