Use of a Novel Negative-Pressure Tent During Bedside Tracheostomy in COVID-19 Patients
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TAKE NOTICE: TECHNOLOGY
Use of a Novel Negative‑Pressure Tent During Bedside Tracheostomy in COVID‑19 Patients Venkatakrishna Rajajee1,2,3* and Craig A. Williamson1,2,3 © 2020 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature and Neurocritical Care Society
Abstract Background: Many COVID-19 patients with neurological manifestations and respiratory failure remain dependent on mechanical ventilation and require tracheostomy, which is an aerosol generating procedure (AGP). The risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission to healthcare staff during AGPs is well documented, and negative-pressure rooms are often unavailable. Innovative techniques to decrease risk to healthcare providers during AGPs are necessary. Our objective was to demonstrate the feasibility of percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy (PDT) performed using a novel prefabricated low-cost negative-pressure tent (AerosolVE). Methods: Retrospective review of consecutive PDT procedures performed by neurointensivists on intubated adult patients with COVID-19 using the AerosolVE tent during the pandemic under an innovative clinical care protocol. The AerosolVE negative-pressure tent consists of a clear plastic canopy with slits for hand access attached to a U-shaped base with air vents. Air within the tent is drawn through a high-efficiency particulate air filter and released outside. Preliminary testing during simulated AGPs demonstrated negligible escape of particulate matter beyond the tent. The main outcome measure was successful completion of PDT and bronchoscopy within the AerosolVE tent, without complications. Results: The patients were a 53-year-old man with multifocal ischemic stroke and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), 53-year-old woman with cerebellar hemorrhage and ARDS, and a 69-year-old man with ARDS. Preprocedure FiO2 requirement was 40–50% and positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) 8–12 cm H 2O. The tent was successfully positioned around the patient and PDT completed with real-time ultrasound guidance in all 3 patients. Bronchoscopy was performed to confirm tube position and perform pulmonary toilet. No complications occurred. Conclusions: It is feasible to perform PDT on intubated COVID-19 patients using the AerosolVE negative-pressure tent. This is a promising low-cost device to decrease risk to healthcare providers during AGPs. Keywords: COVID-19, Tracheostomy, Aerosols, Transmission, Acute respiratory distress syndrome, Mechanical ventilation Introduction As the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic evolves, several patients dependent on mechanical ventilation have required tracheostomy. *Correspondence: [email protected] 1 Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, 1500 E. Medical Center Drive, 3552 Taubman Health Care Center, SPC 5338, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA Full list of author information is available at the end of the article
Approximately 3.2% of all confirmed COVID-19 cases in China required invasive mechanical ventilation [1], and 17% of hospitalized patients in one series required intubat
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