Vacuum Tribological Properties of Ti-20Zr-6.5Al-4V Alloy as Influenced by Sliding Velocities
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THE tribological behaviors for certain materials are extrinsic, and depend on several factors, such as counterpart materials,[1,2] ambient temperature,[3,4] normal load,[5,6] and sliding distance.[7] Moreover, sliding velocity also significantly influences the tribological performance of various materials.[8] Asadi Kouhanjani et al. investigated the effect of sliding velocity on the friction and wear behavior of Cu-0.65 wt pct Cr alloy and concluded that the Coefficient Friction (COF) and wear loss are sensitive to sliding velocity.[9] Zhong et al. researched the tribological properties of nitrided AISI 4340 steel under various sliding velocities, and the results showed that the COF decreases with increasing sliding velocity for a certain normal load.[10] Tao et al. reported that the sliding velocities apparently affected the COF and wear mechanisms of Zr-based bulk metallic glass.[11] Straffelini et al. investigated the
H. ZHONG, L.Y. DAI, Y.J. YANG, Y. YUE, B.A. WANG, X.Y. ZHANG, M.Z. MA, and R.P. LIU are with the State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China. Contact e-mail: [email protected] Manuscript submitted December 19, 2016. Article published online August 23, 2017 5678—VOLUME 48A, NOVEMBER 2017
influence of the counter surface on the dry sliding wear of the Ti-6Al-4V alloy under different friction parameters,[12] and the results showed that oxidation wear appeared at low sliding velocities and delamination wear at high velocities regardless of the applied load and counter surface. Ti-based alloys have been widely used as structural material in aerospace, such as in landing gear[13] and aero-engines,[14] owing to its high strength-to-density ratio.[15] Thus, the tribological properties attracted considerable research attention. Molinari et al.[16] conducted disc-on-disc sliding tests with self-mated Ti-6Al-4V alloy under different normal loads and sliding speeds, highlighting that the wear mechanisms were responsible for wear resistance. Qu et al.[17] reported that large frictional fluctuations occurred when metal and ceramic balls were used as counterfaces, whereas the friction coefficient became steady when the polymer ball was used. Chelliah et al.[18] studied the synergy between tribo-oxidation and strain rates of commercial pure titanium during wear and conducted that sliding speeds influenced wear rates through the generated frictional heat. Li et al.[8] investigated the dry sliding wear behavior of the Ti-6.5Al-3.5Mo-1.5Zr-0.3Si alloy and concluded that a severe-to-mild wear transition occurred with the climax at 2.68 m/s at the normal load of 50 N.
METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A
Owing to the development of aerospace industry, the high strength-to-density Ti prompted further interest in exploring the friction and wear performance of Ti-based alloys as bearing materials.[19] In the recent decades, an increasing number of new materials were developed to meet the specific demands of serving under the harsh conditions. To
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