Weightlifting Overhead Pressing Derivatives: A Review of the Literature
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REVIEW ARTICLE
Weightlifting Overhead Pressing Derivatives: A Review of the Literature Marcos A. Soriano1,2 · Timothy J. Suchomel2,3 · Paul Comfort2
© The Author(s) 2019
Abstract This review examines the literature on weightlifting overhead pressing derivatives (WOPDs) and provides information regarding historical, technical, kinetic and kinematic mechanisms as well as potential benefits and guidelines to implement the use of WOPDs as training tools for sports populations. Only 13 articles were found in a search of electronic databases, which was employed to gather empirical evidence to provide an insight into the kinetic and kinematic mechanisms underpinning WOPDs. Practitioners may implement WOPDs such as push press, push jerk or split jerk from the back as well as the front rack position to provide an adequate stimulus to improve not only weightlifting performance but also sports performance as: (1) the use of WOPDs is an additional strategy to improve weightlifting performance; (2) WOPDs require the ability to develop high forces rapidly by an impulsive triple extension of the hips, knees and ankles, which is mechanically similar to many sporting tasks; (3) WOPDs may be beneficial for enhancing power development and maximal strength in the sport population; and, finally, (4) WOPDs may provide a variation in training stimulus for the sports population due to the technical demands, need for balance and coordination. The potential benefits highlighted in the literature provide a justification for the implementation of WOPDs in sports training. However, there is a lack of information regarding the longitudinal training effects that may result from implementing WOPDs.
1 Introduction In 1925 the Fédération Internationale Haltérophile (FIH) published the first authentic list of World Records including the following exercises: one-hand (right and left) snatch, one-hand (right and left) clean and jerk (C&J), two-hand press, snatch and C&J [1–3]. Introduced at the Amsterdam Olympic Games in 1928, the weightlifting program was limited to three main lifts: the two-hand press, the snatch and the C&J [1, 4]. However, these three lifts lasted until 1972, when the press was omitted from official competitions making way for the modern era of weightlifting, which is composed of the snatch and C&J movements (for more information, see https://www.iwf.
Key Points This review provides information regarding historical, technical, kinetic and kinematic mechanisms, and potential benefits and guidelines to implement WOPDs as training tools for the sports population. Strength and conditioning coaches may implement WOPDs such as push press, push jerk or split jerk to improve not only weightlifting performance, but also to enhance sports performance. WOPDs may provide a variation in training stimulus for the sports population due to the technical demands, need for motor control and coordination, and the ability required to develop force rapidly through a closed kinetic chain.
* Marcos A. Soriano [email protected] 1
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