Within the global circular economy: A special case of Turkey towards energy transition
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REVIEW Within the global circular economy: A special case of Turkey towards energy transition
Selma Erat, Vocational School of Technical Sciences, Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Program of Opticianry, Mersin University, Mersin 33340, Turkey; Advanced Technology Education, Research and Application Center, Mersin University, Mersin 33340, Turkey Azime Telli, Faculty of Economics and Administrative, Department of International Relations, Mersin University, Mersin 33340, Turkey Address all correspondence to Selma Erat at [email protected] (Received 8 June 2020; accepted 21 July 2020)
ABSTRACT Circular energy transformation of Turkey is essential to strengthen the national energy security. Turkey will benefit from moving towards a circular economy. Circular economy (CE) has gained much attention due to global warming and climate change which are the most serious issues faced in the world. The United Nations has been struggling with the issues regarding sustainable development by releasing some programs and legislations, which are mostly supported by the EU. The EU’s CE including both economy and energy within the scope of low-carbon world is binding for Turkey’s energy transition. Among renewables, solar energy preserved the leading capacity expansion with an increase of 98 GW in 2019 in the world. Solar photovoltaic (PV) has become a mainstream energy source among renewables. Since the PV installation has been growing all around the world, several countries especially China, Germany, and the UK pay special attention to a sustainable PV waste management concept. We present the special case of Turkey within the global CE along with the current status of renewable energy in the global energy transformation. Turkey’s energy outlook and the EU’s targets are reviewed, and the significant role of solar energy in the CE transition process of Turkey has been revealed. We suggested adding a vision of “More Circular” to her new energy policy “More Domestic, More Renewable.” Key words: economics; energy generation; environmentally protective; photovoltaic; recycling
Introduction The significance of energy to social and economic well-being has been increasing all around the world. Most of the energy demand is supplied by using fossil fuels, which are dominant contributors to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions resulting in global warming and further climate change. The circular economy (CE) is defined as a systems-level approach to economic
DISCUSSION POINTS • Global total solar energy capacity is top one among the renewables. The role of solar energy in the energy mix of Turkey is also getting more important. Do the present legislations and policy meet the requirement of circular economy of Turkey? • The solar PV waste management of Turkey should be revised regarding the classification. Is the transition needed from “general waste” to “electronic waste” in accordance the EU’s legislations?
development designed to benefit businesses, society, and the environment.1 To tackle the climate crisis, the CE offers an appro
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