X-ray Bursts from a Random Cavity Emerging in an Inter-Electrode Polydisperse Plasma of Nanosecond Vacuum Discharge. I.
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Journal of Russian Laser Research, Volume 41, Number 5, September, 2020
X-RAY BURSTS FROM A RANDOM CAVITY EMERGING IN AN INTER-ELECTRODE POLYDISPERSE PLASMA OF NANOSECOND VACUUM DISCHARGE. I. EXPERIMENT: GENERATION, RELEASE, AND TRAPPING OF X RAYS Yu. K. Kurilenkov,1,2∗ I. V. Smetanin,2 A. V. Oginov,2 and I. S. Samoylov1 1 Joint
Institute for High Temperatures, Russian Academy of Sciences Izhorskaya str. 13/2, Moscow 125412, Russia
2 Lebedev
Physical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences Leninskii Prospect 53, Moscow 119991, Russia
∗ Corresponding
author e-mail:
kurilenkovyuri @ gmail.com
Abstract Earlier, in experiments on DD synthesis in a complex plasma of a nanosecond vacuum discharge (NVD) with a virtual cathode, in parallel, a significant experimental database was accumulated on the output of hard X rays from the inter-electrode ensembles, and a certain correlation was established between the specificity of the X-ray yield and the features of the inter-electrode ensembles of nanoparticles (their density and configuration). In particular, the ability of sufficiently dense inter-electrode ensembles to “trap” X ray radiation (quanta with energies ∼10 keV or less) was recognized. In this work, we consider and analyze the features of the X-ray yield in experiments on DD synthesis in NVD. We present and discuss the accumulated basic experimental data related to the specifics of the release of hard X rays from the NVD.
Keywords: random cavity, virtual cathode, nanosecond vacuum discharge, spontaneous X-ray burst.
1.
Introduction
Compact and powerful sources of fast particles and X rays are in good demand from medicine, biology, and chemistry to materials science and nondestructive testing [1,2]. In addition to standard X-ray tubes, modern X-ray generators, synchrotron storage rings, multipole wigglers, undulators, and X-ray lasers [3] are used to increase the yield of X rays and to solve specific problems. In particular, because of high gain in the lasing medium, short upper-state lifetimes, and problems associated with construction of mirrors that could reflect X rays, X-ray lasers usually operate without mirrors. Lack of high-Q Xray cavities forces researchers to consider various nonstandard approaches to providing feedback in this spectral range. Letokhov’s idea of a stochastic resonator [4] has been realized and now is widely used in the visible spectral domain [5–7]. This approach looks very promising in the X-ray spectral range of spectrum; however, X-ray stochastic (random) cavity laser has not yet been implemented. In recent years, we were investigating, on the basis of a nanosecond vacuum discharge (NVD), an unusual scheme of inertial electrostatic confinement (IEC) [8–13] – this is an IEC scheme with reverse polarity [10]. It contains the injection of electrons into the anode space, the formation of a virtual Manuscript submitted by the authors in English on August 8, 2020. c 2020 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 1071-2836/20/4105-0491
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Journal of Russian Laser Research
Volume 41, Number 5,
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