Quality Improvement with Design of Experiments A Response Surface Ap
Residualplots 74 Normaland half-normal plots 77 2. 3. 10. TRANSFORMATIONS OF VARIABLES 80 2. 3. 11. WEIGHTED LEAST SQUARES 82 2. 4. Bibliography 84 Appendix A. 2. 1. Basic equation ofthe analysis ofvariance 84 Appendix A. 2. 2. Derivation of the simplifie
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TOPICS IN SAFETY, RISK, RELIABILITY AND QUALITY VOLUME7
Editor A.Z. Keller, Department of Industrial Technology and Management, University of Bradford, U.K. Editorial Advisory Board P. Sander, Technical University of Eindhoven, The Netherlands D.C. Barrie, Lakehead University, Ontario, Canada A.V. Gheorghe, Swiss Federal Institute ofTechnology, Zürich, Switzerland R. Leitch, Royal Military College of Science (Cranfield), Shriverham, U.K. Aims and Scope. Fundamentalquestions which are being asked these days of all products, processes and services with ever increasing frequency are:
What is the risk? How safe is it? How reliable is it? How good is the quality? How much does it cost? This is particularly true as the govemment, industry, public, customers and society become increasingly informed and articulate. In practice none of the three topics can be considered in isolation as they all interact and interrelate in very complex and subtle ways and require a range of disciplines for their description and application; they encompass the social, engineering and physical sciences and quantitative disciplines including mathematics, probability theory and statistics. The major objective of the series is to provide a series of authoritative texts suitable for academic taught courses, reference purposes, post graduate and other research and practitioners generally working or strongly associated with areas such as: Safety Assessment and Management Emergency Planning Risk Management Reliability Analysis and Assessment Quality Assurance and Management Special emphasis is placed on texts with regard to readability, relevance, clarity, applicability, rigour and generally sound quantitative content.
The titles published in this series are listed at the end of this volume.
Quality Improvement with Design of Experiments A Response Surface Approach
by IVAN N. VUCHKOV University of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy, Sofia, Bulgaria
and LIDIA N. BOYADJIEVA University of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy, Sofia, Bulgaria
....
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SPRINGER-SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA, B.V.
A C.I.P. Catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress.
ISBN 978-1-4020-0392-9 DOI 10.1007/978-94-009-0009-7
ISBN 978-94-009-0009-7 (eBook)
Printedon acid-free paper
All Rights Reserved © 2001 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht Originally published by Kluwer Academic Publishers in 2001 Softcoverreprint ofthe hardcover1st edition 2001 No part of the material protected by this copyright notice may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or hy any information storage and retrieval system, without written permission from the copyright owner.
To Irina, Maria, Ivan and Ilia, Boyan, Kamen
Vll
CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION TO QUALITY IMPROVEMENT 1.1. Why do deviations occur? 1.2. Random variations 1.3. On-line and off-line quality control 1.4. Performance characteristics, product parameters and noises 1.5. Design of experiments and data analysis 1.6. Model
