Quantitative analysis of hepatic fat fraction by single-breath-holding MR spectroscopy with T 2 correction: phantom and
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Quantitative analysis of hepatic fat fraction by single-breathholding MR spectroscopy with T2 correction: phantom and clinical study with histologic assessment Norio Hayashi • Tosiaki Miyati • Takashi Minami • Yumie Takeshita • Yasuji Ryu • Tsuyoshi Matsuda • Naoki Ohno • Takashi Hamaguchi • Kenichiro Kato • Toshinari Takamura • Osamu Matsui
Received: 25 April 2012 / Revised: 22 November 2012 / Accepted: 22 November 2012 / Published online: 7 December 2012 Ó Japanese Society of Radiological Technology and Japan Society of Medical Physics 2012
Abstract The focus of this study was on the investigation of the accuracy of the fat fraction of the liver by use of single-breath-holding magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) with T2 correction. Single-voxel proton MRS was performed with several TE values, and the fat fraction was determined with and without T2 correction. MRS was also performed with use of the point-resolved spectroscopy N. Hayashi (&) School of Radiological Technology, Gunma Prefectural College of Health Sciences, 323-1 Kamioki, Maebashi, Gunma 371-0052, Japan e-mail: [email protected] N. Hayashi T. Hamaguchi Department of Radiological Technology, Kanazawa University Hospital, 13-1 Takaramachi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan T. Miyati N. Ohno Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 5-11-80 Kodatsuno, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-0942, Japan T. Minami Department of Radiology, Kijima Hospital, 1004-1 Tokusanmachi, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1222, Japan Y. Takeshita K. Kato T. Takamura Department of Disease Control and Homeostasis, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takaramachi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan Y. Ryu O. Matsui Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takaramachi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan T. Matsuda Applied Science Laboratory Asia Pacific, GE Healthcare Japan Corporation, Tokyo, Japan
sequence in single breath holding. The T2 values of both water and fat were determined separately at the same time, and the effect of T2 on the fat fraction was corrected. In addition, MRS-based fat fractions were compared with the degree of hepatic steatosis (HS) by liver biopsy in human subjects. With T2 correction, the MRI-derived fat fractions were in good agreement with the fat fractions in all phantoms, but the fat fractions were overestimated without T2 correction. R2 values were in good agreement with the preset iron concentrations in the phantoms. The MRIderived fat fraction was well correlated with the degree of HS. Iron deposited in the liver affects the signal strength when proton MRS is used for detection of the fat signal in the liver. However, the fat signal can be evaluated more accurately when the T2 correction is applied. Breathholding MRS minimizes the respiratory motion, and it can be more accurate in the quantification of the hepatic fat fraction. Keywords MRI Liver Spectroscopy Fat fraction T2 correction
1 Introduction Noninvasive measurement of liver
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