Quercetin Protects Against Chronic Aluminum-Induced Oxidative Stress and Ensuing Biochemical, Cholinergic, and Neurobeha
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Quercetin Protects Against Chronic Aluminum-Induced Oxidative Stress and Ensuing Biochemical, Cholinergic, and Neurobehavioral Impairments in Rats Deep Raj Sharma • Willayat Yousuf Wani • Aditya Sunkaria Ramesh J. L. Kandimalla • Deepika Verma • Swaranjit Singh Cameotra • Kiran Dip Gill
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Received: 16 January 2012 / Revised: 7 August 2012 / Accepted: 10 August 2012 / Published online: 24 August 2012 Ó Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2012
Abstract In this study, we investigated the protective effect of chronic quercetin (a natural flavanoid) administration against Al-induced cognitive impairments, oxidative damage, and cholinergic dysfunction in male Wistar rats. Al lactate (10 mg/kg b.wt./day) was administered intragastrically to rats which were pre-treated with quercetin (10 mg/kg b.wt./day, intragastrically) for 12 weeks. At the end of 6 or 12 weeks of the study, several behavioral parameters were carried out to evaluate cognitive functions. Further after 12 weeks of exposure, various biochemical tests and H&E staining were performed to assess the extent of oxidative damage and neurodegeneration, respectively. Al levels were also estimated in HC and CS regions of rat brain. Chronic administration of quercetin caused significant improvement in the muscle coordination, cognition, anxiety, locomotion, and initial exploratory patterns in Al-treated rats. Quercetin supplementation to Al-treated animals also reduced oxidative stress, decreased ROS production, increased MnSOD activity and glutathione levels with decreased lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation. It increased AChE activity and ATP levels in HC and CS regions of rat brain compared to Al-treated rats. Quercetin administration ameliorates Al-induced neurodegenerative changes in Al-treated rats as seen by H&E staining. Further with the help of atomic absorption spectrophotometer, we
D. R. Sharma W. Y. Wani A. Sunkaria R. J. L. Kandimalla D. Verma K. D. Gill (&) Department of Biochemistry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160 012, India e-mail: [email protected] S. S. Cameotra Environmental Biotechnology and Microbial Biochemistry Laboratory, Institute of Microbial Technology (IMTECH), Chandigarh 160 036, India
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found that quercetin supplementation to Al-treated rats also decreases the accumulation of Al in the HC and CS regions of rat brain. Taken together the results of this study show that quercetin offers neuroprotection against Al-induced cognitive impairments, cholinergic dysfunction, and associated oxidative damage in rats. Keywords Oxidative stress Reactive oxygen species Cholinergic Quercetin Cognitive Neurobehavioral Abbreviations Al Aluminum ROS Reactive oxygen species MnSOD Manganese superoxide dismutase AChE Acetylcholinesterase MWM Morris Water Maze EPM Elevated Plus Maze HC Hippocampus CS Corpus striatum H&E Hematoxylin and eosin
Introduction Aluminum (Al) has been linked etiologically and epidemiologically to several neurological disorders including Al
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