Radioactive rays shielding film: coating on amorphous glass
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Radioactive rays shielding film: coating on amorphous glass İ. Afşin Kariper1,2 · Fatma Meydaneri Tezel3 · Metin Usta4 Received: 16 March 2020 / Accepted: 3 September 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract In this study, boron and lead compounds were coated on amorphous glass. Chemical bath deposition method was used for coating. Films were produced in the baths with pH: 9–12. Some of the produced films were directly analyzed, whereas some of them were analyzed after annealing at 500 °C. The characterization of the films was performed by XRD, while surface characterization was performed by SEM and EDX analysis. The study was finalized by performing radioactive analyzes of the films. Am-241 isotopes were used as the radioactive source for Alpha rays, Co-60 for Gamma rays and Sr-90 for Beta rays. According to the results, it was found that the films produced at pH: 9–10 had low optical transmittance but were able to absorb alpha and beta particles considerably. However, despite the high optical permeability of the films produced at pH: 11–12, their absorption of radioactive particles was found to be lower than the others. As a result, it was found that the absorption characteristics of the films produced at baths with different pH depend on the relative rate of boron and lead elements found on the surface. Keywords Radioactive shielding · Film · Boron oxide film · Lead boron oxide film
1 Introduction Unstable nucleus become stable by undergoing some changes. Unstable elements exist in the nature, they can also be prepared artificially. Radioactive disintegration ways can be found above, below or beyond the stability zone of the nucleus. An unstable nucleus located above the stability zone makes alpha, beta or gamma radiation to get a stable form, i.e. to achieve the appropriate n/p ratio or to get rid of excess energy.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s1108 2-020-02537-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Fatma Meydaneri Tezel [email protected] 1
Education Faculty, Erciyes University, 38039 Kayseri, Turkey
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Erciyes Teknopark, Building 1, No: 41, Kayseri, Turkey
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Engineering Faculty, Karabuk University, Karabük, Turkey
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Science Faculty, Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
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Page 2 of 14 1 0n
→ 11 p + 01 e
(1)
As in Eq. (1), the beta particle is actually an electron and is emitted because it cannot be present in the nucleus. As a result of the B-emission, the number of neutrons in the nucleus decreases by one and the number of protons increases by one. This is the most common type of radiation in radioactive irradiation. The alpha emission is simply the ejection of the 42 He nucleus with atomic number 2 and atomic mass of 4. Each α-particle removes two neutrons and two protons from the nucleus and carries the composition of the nucleus to the stability zone (Eq. 2). 238 92 U
4 → 234 90 Th + 2 H
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