Radiowave Methods of Polymer Composite Defect Diagnostics under Nonsteady Temperatures
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O ENGENEERING AND COMMUNICATION
Radiowave Methods of Polymer Composite Defect Diagnostics under Nonsteady Temperatures G. V. Dmitrienkoa, *, D. V. Mukhina, G. L. Rivina, and A. A. Fedorova a
Ulyanovsk State Technical University, ul. Severnyi Venetz 32, Ulyanovsk, 432027 Russia *e-mail: [email protected] Received February 18, 2020; revised March 10, 2020; accepted March 10, 2020
Abstract—The paper deals with the issues of the combined radio wave and thermal test methods for nondestructive testing of polymer composite materials (PCM) in laboratory and factory conditions. DOI: 10.3103/S1068799820020269 Keywords: polymer composite materials, diagnostics, radio wave test method.
INTRODUCTION Currently, in the aircraft production, a wider variety of composite materials (composites) are used; a similar situation is observed in marine and river shipbuilding and the manufacture of other vehicles [1–3]. The increase of share of composites in the comprehensive list of structural materials applied in aviation is explained by its wider application in the open parts of the airframe: empennage, wing, fuselage. The structure of the current models of civil and military aircraft of the Tu, Il, Yak brands and others contain parts and assemblies made entirely of composite materials. These parts are, for example, spar walls, fixed rear panels, spoilers, internal and external ailerons, keel tip, rudders and elevators, cargo compartment lining, wing lap, fairing of the flap exhaust system, wing skin, stringers, and gondola lining [4, 5]. Important part of the modern helicopter manufacturing is the use of polymer composites (PCM) for the production of drive shafts and main and tail rotor blades. Due to the ever-increasing share of composites in the design of aviation products, there is a need to diagnose the technical condition of parts made of these materials by non-destructive testing (NDT) methods. For the NDT of composites, the following methods that are traditionally applied within production, testing and operation of parts and assemblies, are used, namely, optical, electrical, acoustic, radiation, magnetic, thermal, holographic, microwave, and other test methods [6]. Most often the finished products made of PCM show the following types of defects (table) [7], which negatively affect the finished products properties. Table 1 Schematic representation of the structure Polymer composite material (organoplastic, fiberglass, carbon fiber) Adhesive bonding of metal and composite or thermal insulation material Skin (plastic or metal) Spar (plastic or metal) Skin (plastic or metal) Filler (honeycomb) Skin (plastic or metal) Filler (foam plastic) Cellular adhesive structure
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Possible defects Delamination between the plastic layers Starved spot between composite and metal Delamination between composite layers Delamination inside the skin Separation of skin from spar Delamination inside the skin Separation of skin from honeycomb filler Delamination inside the skin Separation of skin from filler Delamination inside the skin Sepa
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