Rainwater harvesting potential assessment for non-potable use in urban areas
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(2020) 6:104
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Rainwater harvesting potential assessment for non‑potable use in urban areas Tesfa Gebrie Andualem1 · Yonas Gebresilasie Hagos1 · Afera Halefom Teka1 Received: 16 August 2019 / Accepted: 12 October 2020 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract Water is an important natural resource which could be utilized for different purposes. Now a day’s water became a scarce resource which needs be conserved. One of the most effective ways to conserve water at urban areas is installing a rainwater harvesting system for the strain of the shower, laundry, plant growth, and construction requirement. This study aimed to determine the rainwater harvesting potential and analyse the importance of a rainwater harvesting system for non-potable use in urban areas. The evaluation of rainwater harvesting was done through surveying and analysis of roof catchment, channel networks, and rainfall data. The assessment of rainwater potential was followed by quantifying the runoff volume and characterization of the rainwater harvesting system components. The investment required for rainwater harvesting within the study site was very small, since it only requires the development primary and secondary sedimentation tanks, and pump cost for lifting the water from the tank to the distribution system. The results of this study indicated that installing a rainwater harvesting system is economical to handle the water scarcity problem within the university. In Debre Tabor University, the available water to be collected from 13 dormitory buildings and also the open area was about 41,511 m3. This revealed that there’s an enormous amount of water which is sufficient enough to fulfil the demand for non-potable uses. Hence, the adoption of rainwater harvesting system in urban areas is appropriate method and plays an excellent role in resolving water scarcity problem. Keywords Rainwater harvesting · Water scarcity · Non-potable uses · Thomas and fiering model
Introduction Water is an important natural resource which could be utilized for different purposes. This is often because of the transformation of one sort of water to a different during a specified manner. Though two-thirds of the planet is full of water, the usable water for irrigation and drinking purpose is minimal with only two percent of the available water. The proper management of the available water is incredibly important for the sustainable utilization of water for various purposes (Ursino 2016; Abu-Zreig 2019; Chaimoon 2013). The most important share of usable water is found underground within the aquifers. A rise of groundwater storage within the aquifers has been detected as the spot measure of water richness. Nowadays rainwater harvesting plays a * Tesfa Gebrie Andualem [email protected] 1
Department of Hydraulic and Water Resources Engineering, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
thoughtful role in reducing surface and underground water scarcity problems in tropical and dryland areas (Naseef and Thomas 2016; Lee et al. 2016; Ghisi
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