Rapid Production of Micro- and Nano-particles Using Supercritical Water
This book shows how to use supercritical water (SCW) to synthesize nano- and micro- oxides, inorganic salts and metal particles and its recent advancement. Also polymer/biomass particles can be produced by using the method of precipitation of solutes from
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For further volumes: http://www.springer.com/series/4288
Zhen Fang
Rapid Production of Micro- and Nano-particles Using Supercritical Water
With 84 Figures and 2 Tables
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Zhen Fang Chinese Academy of Science Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Biomass Group Xuefulu 88 650223 Kunming China, People’s Republic [email protected] [email protected] http://brg.groups.xtbg.cn
ISBN 978-3-642-12986-5 e-ISBN 978-3-642-12987-2 DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-12987-2 Springer Heidelberg Dordrecht London New York Library of Congress Control Number: 2010930267 © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2010 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Violations are liable to prosecution under the German Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Cover design: WMXDesign GmbH, Heidelberg Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
To my wife: CHEN, Jingmei my parents: FANG, hong & YU, Shubi and my brothers: FANG, Jing & FANG, Chun
Preface
This book is talking about how to use supercritical water (SCW) to rapidly produce micro- and nano-particles of metal oxides, inorganic salts, metals and organics. It covers basic principles, experimental methodologies and reactors, particle production, characterizations and applications as well as the recent advancement. Fine particles can be produced by both chemical and physical precipitation of products from SCW. They can be used as catalysts, materials in ceramics and electronic devices and composite materials. Particles are easily produced continuously in a flow reactor in short reaction times (0.4 s∼2 min) but can also be synthesized in batch reactors for long reaction times (e.g., 12 h). They can be easily studied in-situ microscopically (optical/IR/Raman/SR-XRD) in an optical micro-reactor, diamond anvil cell. The size, size distribution, crystal growth & structure, and morphology of particles can be controlled by changing the concentrations of stating materials, pH, pressures, temperatures, heating & cooling rates, organic modifications, reducing or oxidizing atmospheres, flow rates and reaction times. This is the first book to systematically introduce using SCW for production of fine particles. It is an ideal reference book for engineers, researchers and graduate students in material science and engineering.
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Acknowledgm
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