Rational integration of porous organic polymer and multiwall carbon nanotube for the microextraction of polycyclic aroma
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Rational integration of porous organic polymer and multiwall carbon nanotube for the microextraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Jinqiu Li 1 & Zhichang Xiao 1 & Wenjin Wang 1 & Shuaihua Zhang 1
&
Qiuhua Wu 1
&
Chun Wang 1 & Zhi Wang 1
Received: 7 November 2019 / Accepted: 3 April 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Austria, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract By integration of benzene-constructed porous organic polymer (KBF) and multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT), a MWCNTKBF hybrid material was constructed through in situ knitting benzene with formaldehyde dimethyl acetal in the presence of MWCNTs to form a network. MWCNT-KBF was then adopted as a novel solid-phase microextraction (SPME) fiber coating. Coupled to gas chromatography-flame ionization detection, the MWCNT-KBF–assisted SPME method showed large enhancement factors (483–2066), low limits of detection (0.04–0.12 μg L−1), good linearity (0.13–50 μg L−1), and acceptable reproducibility (4.2–10.2%) for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The method recoveries of seven PAHs were in the range 80.1–116.3%, with relative standard deviations (RSDs) ranging from 3.5 to 11.9%. The SPME method was successfully applied to the determination of PAHs in river, pond, rain, and waste water, providing a good alternative for monitoring trace level of PAHs in environmental water. Keywords Hybrid material . In situ knitting reaction . Solid-phase microextraction . Polycyclic hydrocarbon . Long reusability . Environmental water
Introduction As an efficient sample pretreatment technique, solid-phase microextraction (SPME) integrates sampling, preconcentration, separation, and sample introduction into a single step [1]. SPME has been widely applied in preconcentration of diverse organic pollutants in various samples due to its unique characteristics of simplicity, environmentally friendliness, and high-enrichment factors [2, 3]. In SPME, the fiber-coating material has an important influence Jinqiu Li and Zhichang Xiao contributed equally to this work. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-020-04261-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Shuaihua Zhang [email protected] * Qiuhua Wu [email protected] 1
College of Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, Hebei, China
on its extraction efficiency since this technique is based on the distribution equilibrium of the analytes between coating adsorbent and sample matrix. Despite several commercial coatings, such as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), polyacrylate ( PA ) , a n d p o l y d i m e t h y l s i l o x a n e / d i v i n y l b e n z e n e (PDMS/DVB) are available, their low extraction sensitivity and selectivity still restrict the wider applications [4, 5]. Therefore, most challenges in SPME are still focused on the design and synthesis of new coating materials, which can furnish high extraction sensitivity and selectivity while maintaining excellent chemical
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