Reaction-to-fire parameters of CE/epoxy blend-based CF/FF and BF/FF hybrid composites
- PDF / 1,948,023 Bytes
- 9 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 32 Downloads / 144 Views
Reaction‑to‑fire parameters of CE/epoxy blend‑based CF/FF and BF/FF hybrid composites C. Dreyer1 · D. Luca Motoc2 Received: 22 August 2019 / Accepted: 17 January 2020 © Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, Hungary 2020
Abstract The paper investigates and compares the fire reaction of cyanate ester/epoxy polymer blend-based natural/synthetic hybrid composites. Different stacking sequences of carbon or basalt fibres along with flax fabrics were compressed, moulded and subjected to an incident heat flux of 50 kW m−2 for reaction-to-fire parameter’s identification using cone calorimetry. Considerable reductions in heat release rate, total heat release and CO2 produced were obtained for cyanate ester/epoxy-based composites compared with an epoxy-based benchmark. On the other hand, the fire growth index improved considerably with the increase in synthetic layers, approx. 70% and 103% for the composite architectures embedding CF reinforcements, 63% and 99% for the BF, respectively. The synthetic fibre content and type did not change significantly time-to-ignition values, but significant differences were recorded at the peak of heat released rate while switching from a resin system to another. Keywords Cyanate ester · Epoxy resin · Carbon fibre · Basalt fibre · Flax fibre · Reaction-to-fire parameters
Introduction Significant research has been conducted on natural and synthetic reinforced polymer composites focusing on their reaction-to-fire characteristics, mainly from polymer matrix perspective, proven the alarming increase instances with both domestic and industrial environments [1–4]. Irrespective of the application domain of these composite materials, such as building and construction, transport, aerospace, electric and electronic engineering, etc., numerous standards, regulations or legislations were released on the issue of fire protection and fire resistance in line with the method employed for reaction-to-fire parameters (i.e. ISO 5660:2015) [5–7]. These must be sought not as barriers for novel material development but both necessity and challenge to diminish the incidence of casualties due to fire [8]. In relation with this contribution, the literature reveals relatively numerous contributions on flammability of epoxy * D. Luca Motoc [email protected]; [email protected] 1
Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Polymer Research, 14513 Teltow, Germany
Department of Automotive and Transport Engineering, Transilvania University of Brasov, Eroilor Av., 50017 Brasov, Romania
2
polymer and its composites especially about different fire retardants added to improve or uplift the fire resistivity such as reactive type, additive or some ecological and friendly fire retardants such as natural minerals [9–11]. On the other hand, since its commercialization on mid 70 and systematically approached into a work coordinated by Hamerton [12], cyanate ester resins, apparently, despite their numerous advantages (e.g. high value of glass transition temperature, low moisture absorption, low out gassing, etc.) are ranked as less fa
Data Loading...
