Reactive Modification of Fiber Polymer Materials for Textile Applications
Many reactive processes with the purpose of modifying the structure of fiber polymers are applied in textile chemistry in order to change their properties. These processes depend on the chemical nature of the polymer and the type of modification, and thes
- PDF / 441,728 Bytes
- 21 Pages / 439.37 x 666.142 pts Page_size
- 98 Downloads / 201 Views
Reactive Modification of Fiber Polymer Materials for Textile Applications Avinash P. Manian, Tung Pham, and Thomas Bechtold
Abstract Many reactive processes with the purpose of modifying the structure of fiber polymers are applied in textile chemistry in order to change their properties. These processes depend on the chemical nature of the polymer and the type of modification, and these aspects are discussed with respect to alkalization, chemical crosslinking with bi- and multifunctional reagents, hydrolytic processes, deposition and grafting of polymers, as well as crosslinking with urea-based reactive systems (e.g. dry cure processes). The selection of process parameters are of decisive importance for the efficient development of a desired portfolio of properties in a certain fiber-based product. This chapter aims to analyze the recent advances in reactive modification of fiber polymer materials. Keywords Bulk properties · Composites · Interfaces · Surface modification · Technical textiles
3.1 Introduction The manipulation of fibrous materials into structures useful for human purposes has a long history. Initially, the focus of textile science and technology was to improve aesthetics (e.g. color and appearance), comfort (e.g. softness) and protection properties (e.g. thermal insulation) of apparel and clothing, but over time, the scope has expanded to include other aspects, both within and outside the apparel and clothing sector. Within the apparel and clothing sector, the focus is increasingly on addressing the environmental impact of textile processing (Khatri et al. 2015; Holkar et al. 2016). Therefore, the reduction of the chemical load (e.g. dyes and salts), the A. P. Manian (*) · T. Pham · T. Bechtold Research Institute of Textile Chemistry and Textile Physics, University of Innsbruck, Dornbirn, Austria e-mail: [email protected] © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020 T. J. Gutiérrez (ed.), Reactive and Functional Polymers Volume One, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-43403-8_3
21
22
A. P. Manian et al.
increase in the use of fibers from renewable resources and the use of non-toxic chemical agents are being investigated for textile applications (Blackburn 2009). An additional area of focus is the emerging area of ‘smart’ textiles, i.e. imparting apparel and clothing the ability to record data from external stimuli, and possibly provide a response. Outside the apparel and clothing sector, textile science and technology are used in various applications, from composites for automobiles and construction, scaffolds for tissue engineering, to supports for catalysts in industrial chemical processes (Horrocks and Anand 2016a, b). The research in the areas described above encompasses both chemical processes for modifying the fibers, and changes to the design of fiber assemblies and the modes of their construction. The chemical processing of fibrous substrates is a broad subject. For this reason, the recent chemical processing strategies selected to modify the fiber bulk and its surface will be des
Data Loading...
