Real-time dynamic security analysis of power systems using strategic PMU measurements and decision tree classification
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Real-time dynamic security analysis of power systems using strategic PMU measurements and decision tree classification Rituparna Mukherjee1
· Abhinandan De1
Received: 16 February 2020 / Accepted: 1 October 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Fast and accurate online dynamic security analysis (DSA) is the key enabler for secure operation of modern power systems. Real-time assessment of the current power system operating state and increased awareness about plausible future insecurity can enable necessary operational and control measures to ensure secure operation. This paper proposes an ensemble decision tree (DT)-based online DSA method for large-scale interconnected power system networks using wide area measurement (WAMS) with phasor measurement units (PMU). A novel attribute selection method has been demonstrated for optimizing PMU installation at strategic buses in large-scale power networks. Multi-stage screening of the initial measurements has been done to minimize the data acquisition cost and computation overhead, which are the key challenges in real-time DSA. The ensemble DT classifier was trained offline using data from the operational model of the power system under different system loading and contingency conditions. The trained classifier provides online security assessment and classifies the power system’s current operating state as secure or insecure based on real-time measurements of the key attributes by selective PMUs. The proposed scheme was tested on IEEE 118-bus system, and the results demonstrate that it has the potential to be used as a reliable online DSA method. Keywords Power system transient stability · Dynamic security analysis · Pattern classification · Ensemble Decision Tree
1 Introduction Modern power systems are often less secure than the systems of the past due to various reasons like operation of the power system near its security limits, unpredictable power transfer driven by market activities, increased intermittency due to integration of renewable energy sources and adoption of special protection systems and complex controls, which often result unusual system behaviour. Further, power systems recurrently experience disturbances like outage of generating units and other power supply equipment (contingencies), short-circuits in power transmission lines (faults) and combination of these events, which have the potential to risk power system security. Security analysis is therefore imperative to assess, how robust a system is, relative to large variety of severe, yet plausible disturbances [1]. Power sys-
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Rituparna Mukherjee [email protected] Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah, West Bengal 711103, India
tem security studies can be broadly categorized as: static security analysis (SSA) and dynamic security analysis (DSA) [2]. Since change in operating condition (state) is imminent after any major contingency, it is important that the system fina
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