Realization III: Finding a Voice

What we are seeing here is the emergence—that is, the discovery—of ecocentric restoration and the realization of its value as a conservation strategy. To the extent that this form of restoration challenges both the utilitarian emphasis of classic conserva

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A complete list of titles in this series can be found in the back of this book. The Society for Ecological Restoration (SER) is an international nonprofit organization whose mission is to promote ecological restoration as a means to sustaining the diversity of life on Earth and reestablishing an ecologically healthy relationship between nature and culture. Since its incorporation in 1988, SER has been promoting the science and practice of ecological restoration around the world through its publications, conferences, and chapters. SER is a rapidly growing community of restoration ecologists and ecological restoration practitioners dedicated to developing science-based restoration practices around the globe. With members in more than fifty countries and all fifty US states, SER is the world’s leading restoration organization. For more information or to become a member, e-mail us at [email protected], or visit our website at www.ser.org.

making nature whole

Making Nature Whole A History of Ecological Restoration

William R. Jordan III and George M. Lubick

Washington | Covelo | London

Copyright © 2011 Island Press All rights reserved under International and Pan-American Copyright Conventions. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any means without permission in writing from the publisher: Island Press, 1718 Connecticut Avenue NW, Suite 300, Washington, DC 20009 Island Press is a trademark of The Center for Resource Economics.

Text design and typesetting by Karen Wenk Printed using Electra Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Jordan, William R. Making nature whole : a history of ecological restoration / William R. Jordan III and George M. Lubick. p. cm. — (The science and practice of ecological restoration) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN-13: 978-1-59726-512-6 (cloth : alk. paper) ISBN-10: 1-59726-512-8 (cloth : alk. paper) ISBN-13: 978-1-59726-513-3 (pbk. : alk. paper) ISBN-10: 1-59726-513-6 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Restoration ecology. I. Lubick, George M., 1943– II. Title. QH541.15.R45J65 2011 333.71′53—dc22 2011005748 Printed on recycled, acid-free paper

Manufactured in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Keywords: Island Press, Society for Ecological Restoration, restoration ecology, ecological restoration, environmental history, environmental philosophy, ecocentric restoration, meliorative land management, John T. Curtis Prairie

In memory of Walter G. Rosen (1930–2006)—teacher, mentor, democrat, activist, and man of the book. He coined the word biodiversity and was an early champion of ecological restoration.

contents

acknowledgments

Introduction

xiii 1

1. Deep History

11

2. Run-Up

25

3. Preconditions

37

4. Invention

61

5. Neglect

85

6. Realization I: Stepping-Stones

107

7. Realization II: Taking Hold

121

8. Realization III: Finding a Voice

147

9. Realization IV: Getting Real

161

10. Realization V: The Relationship

177

11. Current Thinking

201

notes

217

index

247

acknowledgments

Many colleagues and friends hav