Recent Control Technologies for Floating Offshore Wind Energy System: A Review
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REVIEW PAPER
Recent Control Technologies for Floating Offshore Wind Energy System: A Review Kwangtae Ha1 · Hoai Vu Anh Truong2 · Tri Dung Dang2,3 · Kyoung Kwan Ahn2 Received: 17 June 2020 / Revised: 20 August 2020 / Accepted: 7 September 2020 © Korean Society for Precision Engineering 2020
Abstract This paper presents the recent control technologies being researched for floating offshore wind energy system (FOWES). FOWES has been getting many attentions recently as an alternative energy system utilizing vast sustainable wind resource away from land with little restriction by human societies, artificial and natural obstacles. However, not only due to the harsh environmental conditions such as strong wind, wave, and current, but also due to the platform motions such as surge, sway, heave, pitch, roll, and yaw, there could occur many problems including less energy capture than expected, frequent emergency stops, turbine structural instability, and fatigues resulting in early failures, which stay the levelized cost of energy (LCOE) still high compared to conventional fixed offshore wind energy system. These risks could be lowered by operating the turbine close to the optimum point and harvesting wind energy efficiently even under strong wind conditions with the properly applied control technologies, while reducing the loads on structural components. Many researches have been actively going on not only by numerical approaches, but also by experimental tests. This study is wrapping the most recent researches on control technologies for promising floating offshore wind energy system according to different substructure designs such as a spar type, semi-submergible type, tension-leg platform (TLP) type, and barge type, and discusses about its challenges as well. Keywords Green technology · Floating offshore wind energy system (FOWES) · Substructures · Control algorithm · Individual pitch control (IPC) · Collective pitch control (CPC) Abbreviations OWT Offshore wind turbine FOWT Floating offshore wind turbine WTG Wind turbine generator RNA Rotor-nacelle assembly LCOE Levelized cost of energy OPEX Operating expenditure CAPEX Capital expenditure MPPT Maximum power point tracking IPC Individual pitch control CPC Collective pitch control * Kyoung Kwan Ahn [email protected] 1
Department of Floating Offshore Wind Energy System, University of Ulsan, 93, Deahak‑Ro, Nam‑Gu, Ulsan 44610, South Korea
2
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ulsan, 93, Deahak‑Ro, Namgu, Ulsan 44610, South Korea
3
Department of Mechatronics, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology and Education, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
1 Introduction Wind energy has been in the spotlight as a major source of renewable energy, and its levelized cost of energy (LCOE) are becoming lowered through large wind farm construction and increased rotor size and capacity of wind turbines with innovative technologies as shown in Fig. 1, which lead to a preferable choice among other alter
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