Recent Developments in Near Field Communication: A Study
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Recent Developments in Near Field Communication: A Study P. Chandrasekar1 · Ashudeb Dutta2
© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Near field communication, development in radio frequency detection has put its foot in today’s life of individuals through sophisticated mobile phones. NFC technology has become very popular due to its transparent and simple integration with a number of applications such as health care, consumer electronics, public transport payment methods, etc. A few new approaches have been attempted to make NFC progressively competent in routine day-to-day applications. This paper discusses the latest development in the use of NFC’s in a few implementations and the potential outcomes of the hustle-free implementation of these applications. A systematic analysis of recent research deployment in different areas of use has been clarified and explored. Keywords Near field communication (NFC) · Health care · Consumer electronics · Public transportation (PT) · Internet of things (IoT) · Contactless payments
1 Introduction Field communication (NFC) technology has become increasingly important in different real-life settings, beginning with the credit/debit card with embedded NFC to Bluetooth paring. Some common uses include product/asset validation and monitoring, payment methodologies, organizational attendance systems, wireless device pairing, transportation. Other than this, some of the noted applications where NFC technology can be used include networking, tourism, hotels and restaurants, customer support, etc. NFC is an extension of the radio frequency identification (RFID) that can function as an RFID via tap and connect (Fig. 1). Consumer communication of NFC devices is predominantly through taping or touching NFC device/tag. But more than reading or writing unique ID as in RFID, it can share and transmit unique content to/from programmable apps. Exchange of data through NFC are formatted using NFC data exchange format (NDEF). NDEF is the data format which used across all NFC devices [14, 23]. NFC protocol stack has been shown in Fig. 2.
* P. Chandrasekar [email protected] 1
IcafiTech(FST), ICFAI Foundation for Higher Education, Hyderabad, Telagana, India
2
IIT Hyderabad, Hyderabad 502285, India
13
Vol.:(0123456789)
P. Chandrasekar, A. Dutta
Fig. 1 NFC consumer communication
Fig. 2 NFC protocol stack [23]
1.1 NFC Tags NFC systems can operate in the following modes of operation. Card emulation, reader/ writer and peer-to-peer modes. In card emulation: NFC cards/tags/devices function as smart cards used for payment purchases, next reader/writer mode apps are used to read or write data to/from other NFC devices or tags, and thirdly NFC devices used to connect with each other through an ad-hoc networks [62]. Passive NFC tags will be used to communicate with other active NFC devices. NFC tags are created with an antenna and an NFC IC that includes memory used to store the required data [1, 10]. Types of NFC tags and their working
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