Recommended Imaging for Salivary Gland Disorders
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SALIVARY GLAND DISORDERS (HT HOFFMAN, SECTION EDITOR)
Recommended Imaging for Salivary Gland Disorders Daniel A. Benito 1
&
Christopher Badger 1
&
Henry T. Hoffman 2 & Arjun Joshi 1
# Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Purpose of Review Imaging modalities useful in the contemporary evaluation of salivary gland disorders are discussed. Recent Findings Salivary gland ultrasound—due to its wide applicability, versatility, availability, and low cost—is supported as a frontline evaluation and is frequently done as an in-office procedure by the treating surgeon. Contrast-enhanced CT may be as accurate as non-contrast CT in detecting sialolithiasis. Although conventional sialography (fluoroscopic salivary gland evaluation with ductal dilation and radiocontrast insufflation) was initially designed as a diagnostic procedure, more recently, reported experience has demonstrated it to result in improved salivary function for several disorders—including its use as treatment of juvenile recurrent parotitis. Conventional sialography remains the most accurate method to assess the full ductal anatomy and is superior to MRI sialography which fails to adequately image the more proximal ducts. For benign salivary tumors, US may obviate the need for further imaging and provide reliable estimation of tumor location. Summary Salivary gland disorders are most efficiently imaged with in-office ultrasound. In settings where US cannot be performed, CT (with or without contrast) remains a reliable initial method to detect salivary gland abnormalities including sialolithiasis. MR sialography has become a useful modality for evaluating stenosis and may be considered when conventional sialography is not available. Keywords Salivary gland . Imaging . Ultrasound . Sialadenitis . Sialolithiasis . Sialolith . Sialography
Introduction The diagnostic modalities available for salivary gland imaging include plain radiography, ultrasonography (US), computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and sialography. The unique physics of each modality and the
varied pathologies that affect the salivary gland impact the selection of modality as is determined by the clinical scenario. Although no single salivary imaging modality is superior to another across most clinical scenarios, we emphasize initial screening with ultrasound as the initial method of evaluation in most cases.
This article is part of the Topical collection on Salivary Gland Disorders * Daniel A. Benito [email protected] Christopher Badger [email protected] Henry T. Hoffman [email protected] Arjun Joshi [email protected] 1
Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, George Washington University School of Medicine & Health Sciences, 2300 M. Street, 4th Floor, Washington, DC, USA
2
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA
Ultrasound Salivary gland ultrasound (SGUS) as performed by surgeons for the assessment of salivary pathologies outside of the
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