Reconfigurable Quad-Band Antenna for Wireless Communication
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Reconfigurable Quad‑Band Antenna for Wireless Communication Koduri Sreelakshmi1,2 · Gottapu Sasibhushana Rao1 Received: 2 January 2020 / Revised: 10 June 2020 / Accepted: 20 July 2020 © The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2020
Abstract This letter presents a thorough procedural investigation of a highly compact reconfigurable quad-band monopole antenna providing multiband operation at 1.85 GHz (GSM 1900 MHz), 2.42 GHz Bluetooth/IMTE, 3.4 GHz (Wi-MAX) and 5.3 GHz wireless LAN (WLAN) for personal wireless applications (PWA). The investigated antenna structure consists of a ‘5′- shaped stub that facilitates operation for GSM applications and a semicircular arc for Bluetooth/IMT-E applications, while an inverted L-shaped stub facilitates dual-band operation for Wi-MAX and wireless LAN applications. The presented antenna is fed using an asymmetrical coplanar strip-line (ACS) feed. The triple-band frequency reconfiguration operation, over the Bluetooth, Wi-MAX, and WLAN frequency bands, is achieved by embedding two PIN diode RF switches. The investigated antenna is developed on a highly economical FR-4 glass epoxy substrate that is 1 mm thick with a compact size of 24 × 10 mm2. The presented antenna has measured impedance bandwidths of 1.7–1.91 GHz (BW = 11.63%), 2.35–2.55 GHz (BW = 10.31%), 3.3–3.7 GHz (BW = 11.428%) and 5.10–5.6 GHz (BW = 9.345%) providing frequency reconfigurable quad-band operation at the aforementioned frequency bands. The antenna offers simulated gains of 1.8, 3.45, 4.91 and 0.86 dBi; measured gains of 2.3, 2.7, 2.82 and 2.6 dBi and radiation efficiencies of 83%, 61%, 82% and 86% at 1.85 GHz, 2.42 GHz, 3.4 GHz and 5.3 GHz, respectively. The investigated antenna exhibits nearly symmetrical radiation patterns and stable acceptable gains across all application bands, thus making the antenna suitable for wireless communication. Keywords Reconfigurable · PIN diode · GSM · Bluetooth · Wi-MAX · WLAN
1 Introduction Antennas are currently required to provide multiband operations and they play a crucial role in the design of wireless communication systems, specifically for commercial wireless applications devices such as smartphones, USB dongles, tablets and laptops [1, 2]. Tremendous research has been performed on antenna design over the years, resulting in the design of various types of antenna structures for almost all application scenarios. Single-band antennas, multiband antennas with simple microstrip feedlines, coplanar
* Koduri Sreelakshmi [email protected] 1
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Andhra University College of Engineering (A), Andhra University, Vishakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Raghu Engineering College, Vishakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India
2
waveguides (CPWs), asymmetrical coplanar strips (ACSs) and proximity coupled feeds have been reported in [3–6]. Advancements in CMOS-MEMS technologies and implementations in RF/microwave switches have provided ante
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