Reflection Data Acquisition
Seismic sources are used to generate and transmit vibration energy into the ground. Their choice depends on various factors, like survey area (whether land or sea), depth to be probed, and inhabitance, etc. Commonly used seismic sources in land areas are
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Seismic Reflection Processing
Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg GmbH
S. K. Upadhyay
Seismic Reflection Processing With Special Reference to Anisotropy
With 300 Figures and 15 Tables
~ Springer
S. K. Upadhyay Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee 94 Vigyan Kunj Roorkee - 247 667 Distt. - Haridwar (Uttranchal Pradesh) India e-mail: [email protected] and S. K. Upadhyay Department of Earth Sciences Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee Roorkee - 247 667 Distt. - Haridwar (Uttranchal Pradesh) India e-mail: [email protected]
ISBN 978-3-642-07414-1 ISBN 978-3-662-09843-1 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-662-09843-1 Library of Congress Control Number: 2004103474 Bibliographic information published by Die Deutsche Bibliothek Die Deutsche Bibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data is available in the Internet at . This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting' reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg GmbH.
Violations are liable for prosecution under the German Copyright Law. springeronline.com © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2004 Originally published by Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York in 2004 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2004
The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Production: PRO EDIT GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany Cover-Design: Erich Kirchner, Heidelberg, Germany Typesetting: K + V Fotosatz, Beerfelden, Germany Printed on acid-free paper
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This book is dedicated to the founders and pioneering contributors, C. G. Knott, K. Zoeppritz, M. Muskat, M. W. Meres, C. H. Dix, ]. G. Hagedoorn, O. Koefoed .... , of Reflection Seismology, which is truly today's Energy Resource Seismology.
Preface
Routine reflection processing is based on the assumption of isotropy of the medium. It is now well realized that developments in isotropic reflection processing have reached a saturation stage, and something special needs to be done to improve accuracy. Anisotropic processing of reflections provides the answer to this. 'SEISMIC REFLECTION PROCESSING: With Special Reference to Anisotropy', aims at bridging the existing gap. This book puts together the physical concepts, mathematical details and methodology for achieving the best results for reservoir modeling either under condition of isotropy or anisotropy. Further, the most common form of anisotropy the
