Reinforcing agents based on cellulose fibers modified by insertion of end-alkyl groups obtained from pyrolytic bio-oil o
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Reinforcing agents based on cellulose fibers modified by insertion of end‑alkyl groups obtained from pyrolytic bio‑oil of sugarcane bagasse Manuel Palencia1 · Mayra A. Mora1,2 · Tulio A. Lerma1,2 · Natalia Afanasjeva1 · José H. Isaza1 Received: 23 June 2019 / Revised: 29 November 2019 / Accepted: 4 December 2019 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2019
Abstract Modification of cellulose fibers is a promissory alternative for the production of new composite materials, but the high hydrophilicity of cellulose limits its use as a reinforcing agent in the making of olefin-based composites. The aim of this research was to develop reinforcing agents based on cellulose fibers modified by insertion of end-alkyl groups from pyrolytic bio-oil (PBO). For that, PBO of sugarcane bagasse was obtained and characterized by several techniques including gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Later, the surface of cellulose fibers was activated using methylene-bis-isocyanate and modified using acetic acid, formic acid, and PBO. Results show that the modification of cellulose surface is possible by the use of PBO at low temperature obtaining results like to those obtained when organic acids are used. Keywords Cellulose · Bio-oil · Pyrolysis · Reinforcing agent · Sugarcane bagasse
Introduction Many types of reinforcing methods based on chemical modification or the addition of filler particles with various sizes and forms have been studied in order to produce new materials for a variety of applications. In addition to reinforcement capabilities obtained by modification of natural fibers, other important effects that should be considered are the long-term application, biocompatibility, environmentally friendly characteristics, among others. At present, there is a growing interest in developing * Manuel Palencia [email protected] 1
GI‑CAT, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Exact Science, Universidad del Valle, Cali 25360, Colombia
2
Mindtech Research Group (Mindtech‑RG), Mindtech S.A.S, Cali 25360, Colombia
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Polymer Bulletin
high-performance composites from renewable materials for structural application [1–3]. These composites include a fiber-reinforced polymer composite incorporating natural fiber as reinforcement or natural fibers modified to improve their properties. The properties of this type of materials strongly depend on the characteristics of natural fibers and polymer matrices as well as their interfacial adhesion. To achieve a high content of fibers based on renewable resources, biopolymers derived from natural materials including vegetable oils and carbohydrates have been utilized as matrices for biocomposites; however, both natural fibers and bio-based resins have challenges that need to be addressed [3]. A wide spectrum of novel materials made from agro-based cellulose fibers is usually being used to reinforce thermoplastics. These reinforced plastics have got prospective applications in various sectors, including con
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