Relationship between heavy metal accumulation and histological alterations in voles from alpine and forest habitats of t
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Relationship between heavy metal accumulation and histological alterations in voles from alpine and forest habitats of the West Carpathians Zuzana Kompišová Ballová 1
&
Filip Korec 1 & Katarína Pinterová 1
Received: 24 March 2020 / Accepted: 8 June 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The interaction between toxic heavy metals and bio-elements in internal organs and femoral bones and their potential impacts on bone structural properties and renal histopathological changes in bank voles and snow voles were investigated. Our results reveal that heavy metals Hg and Pb accumulate more in femoral bones of alpine habitats than forests. In snow voles, the parameters of the primary osteons’ vascular canals (length, average perimeter and area) simultaneously decreased with an increase of Pb and Sr. Wider primary osteons’ vascular canals of snow voles contained decreased levels of K, but increased Ba. In bank voles, the number of primary osteons increased in alpine habitats along with K, Hg, and Pb accumulation. In the kidneys of bank voles, rising levels of Rb, Hg, and Zn were detected in alpine habitats. Hg increases the most in kidney tissue from alpine habitats in both vole species, and Hg levels (mean value 0.25 μg/g, max. value 0.55 μg/g) in the renal tissues of bank voles from alpine localities are similar to Hg levels from Hg-polluted industrial areas in other studies. This reflects that alpine areas of the Tatra Mountains are highly contaminated with Hg. The intensity of renal hemosiderosis relates significantly to Zn, Fe, and Cu levels in snow voles, with Fe and Zn levels in bank voles from forest habitats, and with Rb in bank voles from alpine habitats. The intensity of tubule necrosis in renal tissues of bank voles from alpine habitats was negatively related to Se content. In bank voles from forest habitats, significant positive correlations were found between the intensity of glomerular hyperplasia and amounts of Zn. The interactions of the detected element’s association with bone tissue and internal organs are discussed. Keywords Heavy metals . Mercury . Alpine environment . Bone . Kidney . Histopathology . Myodes glareolus . Chionomys nivalis
Introduction Chronic exposure to heavy metals, even at low concentrations, can have a negative impact on the skeletal system (Ďúranová et al. 2014; Chovancová et al. 2011) as well as on the soft tissues (Damek-Poprawa and Sawicka-Kapusta 2004). Several metal toxins induce negative effects on bone weight and histological structure of compact bone. Primary and secondary osteons as basic structural elements of compact bone can be affected, leading to changes in bone vascularization Responsible editor: Philippe Garrigues * Zuzana Kompišová Ballová [email protected] 1
Institute of High Mountain Biology, University of Žilina, Tatranská Javorina 7, SK-05956 Tatranská Javorina, Slovakia
and mechanical properties of the bone (Ďúranová et al. 2014). Heavy metals also cause histopathological changes in the internal organ
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