Relativistic Nonlinear Optical Phenomena in the Field of Subterawatt Laser Pulses
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ND LASER PHYSICS
Relativistic Nonlinear Optical Phenomena in the Field of Subterawatt Laser Pulses A. V. Mitrofanova, b, c, d, D. A. Sidorov-Biryukova, b, c, e, M. V. Rozhkoa, b, A. A. Voronina, b, e, P. B. Gleka, S. V. Ryabchukb, E. E. Serebryannikova, b, f, A. B. Fedotova, b, e, g, and A. M. Zheltikova, b, c, e, f, * a
Moscow State University, Moscow, 119992 Russia Quantum Center, Skolkovo, Moscow region, 143025 Russia c National Research Center Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, 123182 Russia d Institute of Problems of Laser and Information Technologies, Federal Scientific Research Centre Crystallography and Photonics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Shatura, Moscow region, 140700 Russia e Kazan National Research Technical University, Kazan, 420126 Russia f Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA g National University of Science and Technology MISiS, Moscow, 119049 Russia *e-mail: [email protected] b Russian
Received May 7, 2020; revised May 14, 2020; accepted May 14, 2020
Experiments on the generation of high optical harmonics demonstrating that relativistic regimes of interaction of radiation with matter can be implemented in the field of mid-infrared laser pulses with a peak power of 0.3 TW have been reported. The observation of relativistic phenomena at such extraordinary low peak powers of the laser field becomes possible because of the formation of a high-quality space–time mode of the laser field with an exactly specified polarization state. Such a field structure ensures a high intensity of radiation in the focus of the beam and the effective acceleration of electrons by a low-frequency electromagnetic field of a high-contrast laser pulse with an exactly specified polarization at the extremely sharp vacuum–solid interface. DOI: 10.1134/S0021364020130093
intense laser radiation with matter. The key parameter of such scaling is I λ2 , where I is the field intensity and λ is the carrier wavelength [4, 5]. In particular, the main criteria of the transition from the nonrelativistic regime of interaction with matter to the relativistic regime are formed in terms of the normalized vector potential of the field a0 = v/c = eE/(mωc) and the pon-
Modern superhigh-power laser systems can provide intensities of the light field sufficient for implementing relativistic regimes of the interaction of radiation with matter [1–3]. Relativistic optics is one of the most intriguing and rapidly developed fields of laser physics [4, 5]. Breakthrough to relativistic optics became possible owing to the chirped pulse amplification (CPA) technique [6], which is widely used in modern laser systems. For the wavelengths λ from 0.8 to 1 μm, at which most of the CPA systems used for relativistic experiments operate, the characteristic field intensities I rel at which the transition from the nonrelativistic regime of the interaction of radiation with matter to the relativistic regime occurs exceed 1018 W/cm2. In particular, standard estimates for the relativistic intensity of radiation
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