Remarkable Role of Experimental Olefin-Maleic-Anhydride Copolymer Based Compatibilizing Additives in Blends of Waste PET
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Remarkable Role of Experimental Olefin‑Maleic‑Anhydride Copolymer Based Compatibilizing Additives in Blends of Waste PET Bottles and Polyamide B. Nagy1 · C. S. Varga1 · K. Kontos1 · L. Simon‑Stőger1 Received: 2 March 2020 / Accepted: 20 September 2020 © The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Over the past 50 years demand for plastics drastically increased worldwide resulting in plastic wastes causing serious environmental problems. The main market sector of European plastics industry is the packaging industry most of which are polyolefins and poly(ethylene-terephtalate). In the EU, 29.1 million tonnes of plastic waste were collected in 2018, of which 32.5% was recycled, 42.6% was recovered for energy, and 24.9% was landfilled (Plastics-the Facts, 2019). Although landfilling of collected waste in the EU is steadily declining, there is still too much unused waste. Polymer blends based on waste resources can solve the issues of recycling. The main purpose of the research was to produce polymer blends from waste based PET that have appropriate mechanical properties and rheological behaviour as well in order to find application areas where product requirements are not strict. Blends containing waste based PET were extrusion moulded and calenderd producing extrusion strings and films. Rheological and tensile properties of three types of PET/engineering thermoplastic blends (PET/PC, PET/PA and PET/ABS) were studied. Miscibility of components of the blends is limited leading to weak mechanical properties such as low tensile strength and/or elongation at break. Due to that phenomenon compatibilizing additives are also required. As compatibilizing additives olefin-maleic-anhydride copolymer based additives have been used in our experiments. Structure of additives differed from each other both in ratio and length of carbon chains of compounds linked to maleic-anhydride groups. Blends have been studied with PET content ranging from 10 to 90%. As an outstanding result improving of mechanical properties was achieved, for example almost 40% growth was observed in elongation at break of extruded 80/20 PET/PA blends in the presence of 0.2% compatibilizing additive compared to the sample without additive, meanwhile its strength has also improved.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s12649-020-01253-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * B. Nagy [email protected]‑pannon.hu 1
Institutional Department of MOL Hydrocarbon and Coal Processing, University of Pannonia, Veszprém 8200, Hungary
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Waste and Biomass Valorization
Graphic Abstract
Keywords Blends · Compatibilizing additives · Polymer processing · Recycling Abbreviations PET Polyethylene terephthalate PA Polyamide PC Polycarbonate ABS Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene PP Polypropylene LDPE Low-Density Polyethylene PS Polystyrene FT-IR Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy HDPE High-density polyethylene MFI Melt Flow Index MVR Melt
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