Removal performance and mechanism of Fe 3 O 4 /graphene oxide as an efficient and recyclable adsorbent toward aqueous Hg
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Removal performance and mechanism of Fe3O4/ graphene oxide as an efficient and recyclable adsorbent toward aqueous Hg(II) Chaoke Bulin1,2 · Bo Li2 · Yanghuan Zhang2 · Bangwen Zhang3 Received: 18 May 2020 / Accepted: 13 July 2020 © Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract Decontamination of aqueous heavy metal is a challenging task of environmental remediation. Herein, we demonstrated an adsorptive method for efficient removal of aqueous Hg(II) using a magnetic nanocomposite Fe3O4/graphene oxide (Fe3O4/ GO). Adsorption of Hg(II) onto Fe3O4/GO equilibrated in 4 min, with the adsorption percent and quantity of 91.17% and 547.01 mg g−1, respectively. F e3O4/GO can be easily recovered from solution via magnetic separation for reuse, and retaining 73.5% of its original capacity after five consecutive cycles. The Temkin model and PSO model were most suitable for describing adsorption in equilibrium and nonequilibrium state, respectively. Both GO and Fe3O4 adsorbed Hg(II) via donating electrons in oxygen atoms toward Hg(II). Moreover, GO made a major contribution, while Fe3O4 made a minor one to adsorption. The facile preparation, high adsorption efficiency, easy recovery, and reusability may enable Fe3O4/GO to be a promising adsorbent for aqueous Hg(II). Keywords Fe3O4/graphene oxide · Hg(II) · Adsorptive removal · Adsorption mechanism · Recyclable
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s1116 4-020-04217-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Yanghuan Zhang [email protected] 1
College of Materials and Metallurgy, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou 014010, People’s Republic of China
2
Central Iron and Steel Research Institute, Beijing 100081, People’s Republic of China
3
Analysis and Testing Center, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou 014010, People’s Republic of China
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Introduction In the recent years, water pollution has been one of the important concerns for environmentalists. Among aqueous contaminants, heavy metals have drawn considerable attention. Mercury, one of the most bio-accumulative and toxic contaminants in the aquatic environment enters the human body through food chain, causing various neurological diseases [1]. Anthropogenic activities such as mining, oil refining, paints, pulp, rubber processing, fertilizer, batteries and pharmaceuticals are primary sources of mercury emissions [2]. As the divalent Hg(II) is the main form of aqueous mercury, exploring an efficient method for removing aqueous Hg(II) is urgently needed. Many techniques have been employed for treating aqueous heavy metals, including membrane separation [3], flocculation [4], chemical oxidation [5], ion exchange [6], and adsorption [7–15]. Among these techniques, adsorption enjoys advantages of simple operation, low-cost, high efficiency, and applicability in large scale. Conventional adsorbents such as activated carbon, alumina, and zeolites
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