Report on ICT in Education in China
China is located in the east of Asia and the west coast of the Pacific Ocean. The land area is about 9.6 million square kilometers, the eastern and southern continental coastlines are more than 18,000 km, and the inland and coastal waters are about 4.7 mi
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Report on ICT in Education in China Yunwu Wang
1.1 Overview of the Country 1.1.1 The Geography China is located in the east of Asia and the west coast of the Pacific Ocean. The land area is about 9.6 million square kilometers, the eastern and southern continental coastlines are more than 18,000 km, and the inland and coastal waters are about 4.7 million square kilometers. There are more than 7600 small islands in the sea area, of which Taiwan Island is the largest with an area of 35,798 km2 . China borders 14 countries and 8 countries at sea. The provincial administrative divisions are 4 municipalities directly under the Central Government, 23 provinces, 5 autonomous regions, 2 special administrative regions, and the capital of Beijing.1
1.1.2 Population Situation China was founded in Beijing on October 1, 1949. China is a unified multiethnic country composed of 56 ethnic groups, with the Han nationality accounting for 91.51% of the total population. By the end of 2017, the total population of China mainland was 1390.08 million, and the permanent population of middle cities and towns was 813.47 million, accounting for 58.52% of the total population.2 There are more than 80 languages in China. Mandarin is the official language. 1 Chinese 2 Chinese
Government Network (2019a). Government Network (2019b).
Y. Wang (B) School of Wisdom Education, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China e-mail: [email protected] © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2020 D. Liu et al. (eds.), Comparative Analysis of ICT in Education Between China and Central and Eastern European Countries, Lecture Notes in Educational Technology, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6879-4_1
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1.1.3 Current Situation of Economic Development China is one of the four ancient civilizations with a long history and culture. It is the third-largest country and the second-largest economy in the world, the world’s largest trading country, the world’s largest foreign exchange reserve country, the world’s largest steel producer and the world’s largest agricultural country, the world’s largest total grain producer, and one of the fastest growing countries in the world. China’s “reform and opening-up policy” implemented in 1978 profoundly changed China and brought about tremendous changes in China. At the beginning of the reform and opening-up in 1978, China’s economic scale was only 367.9 billion yuan; by 2017, China’s GDP had reached 82.71 trillion yuan, which has become the secondlargest economy in the world. The proportion of China’s total economic output in the world economy rose from 1.8% in 1978 to 16% in 2017, second only to the United States. China’s economic growth over the past 40 years has created a miracle. With the rapid growth of China’s economy, China has made many brilliant achievements in energy, transportation, post and telecommunications, science, education, culture and health, infrastructure construction, and other basic industries. China’s green development and sustainable economic transformation and upgrading have achieved initi
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