Reprogen-ethics and the future of gender

'Reprogen-Ethics and the Future of Gender' brings together three tightly related topics, which have so far been dealt separately in bioethics: assisted reproduction, enhancing and gender. Part one in this book targets present policies and legislature of a

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INTERNATIONAL LIBRARY OF ETHICS, LAW, AND THE NEW MEDICINE Founding Editors DAVID C. THOMASMA† DAVID N. WEISSTUB, Universit´e de Montr´eal, Canada THOMASINE KIMBROUGH KUSHNER, University of California, Berkeley, U.S.A.

Editor DAVID N. WEISSTUB, Universit´e de Montr´eal, Canada

Editorial Board TERRY CARNEY, University of Sydney, Australia ¨ MARCUS DUWELL, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands SØREN HOLM, University of Cardiff, Wales,United Kingdom GERRIT K. KIMSMA, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands DAVID NOVAK, University of Toronto, Canada EDMUND D. PELLEGRINO, Georgetown University, Washington D.C., U.S.A. DOM RENZO PEGORARO, Fondazione Lanza and University of Padua, Italy DANIEL P. SULMASY, University of Chicago, Chicago, U.S.A. LAWRENCE TANCREDI, New York University, New York, U.S.A.

VOLUME 43

For further volumes: http://www.springer.com/series/6224

Frida Simonstein Editor

Reprogen-ethics and the Future of Gender

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Editor Frida Simonstein Yezreel Valley College D.N. Emek Yezreel 19300 Israel [email protected]

ISSN 1567-8008 ISBN 978-90-481-2474-9 e-ISBN 978-90-481-2475-6 DOI 10.1007/978-90-481-2475-6 Springer Dordrecht Heidelberg London New York Library of Congress Control Number: 2009926865 c Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2009  No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)

Epigraph

New genetic technologies have implications for all fields in medicine, but when they are combined with reproductive technologies, the prospects are staggering. Indeed, the combination is so different from that of either technology alone that it deserves a new appellation: reprogenetics (Lee Silver, Remaking Eden, 1998) Not only are enhancements permissible but in some cases there is a moral duty to enhance . . . enhancement is also an opportunity that it is in the interests of society and government to take . . . parents would act ethically if they were to attempt to achieve such an objective for their children . . . (John Harris, Enhancing Evolution, 2007)

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Acknowledgements

The idea of this collaborative volume matured in the course of summer 2007 during a Visiting Fellowship at the University of Liverpool at the Institute of Medicine Law and Bioethics, IMLAB. I am thankful to John Harrington at IMLAB who reviewed the first draft of Chapter 4. This project benefited from collected ideas in international meetings; particularly from John Harris (Beijing 2006), Matti H¨ayry (Barcelona 2005) and Daniel Callahan (The Hastings Center 2004). A travel grant of FAB allowed me to attend to the 2006 meetings of FAB and IAB in Beijing. Chapter