Resistance Training in Post-Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Patients: a Systematic Review
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REVIEW
Resistance Training in Post-Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Patients: a Systematic Review Elisa Morales-Marroquin 1,2
& Harold W. Kohl III
1,3
& Gregory Knell
1,2,4
5
& Nestor de la Cruz-Muñoz & Sarah E. Messiah
1,2
Received: 2 April 2020 / Revised: 30 June 2020 / Accepted: 6 July 2020 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Resistance exercise guidelines exist for obesity but not for post-metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) patients. Therefore, the main goal of the present study is to provide evidence to support resistance exercise guidelines for this population. A secondary goal is to evaluate the available evidence to identify gaps for future research. Nine studies evaluating the effect of resistance exercise post-MBS on strength and body composition were included. Resistance training consistently prevented strength loss and when performed by younger population (~ 35 years) also prevented lean mass loss. Combined exercise, but not strength training independently, was found to promote body fat mass loss. Resistance training should be added to post-MBS exercise programs. Sufficiently powered studies using higher volume resistance training with supportive protein consumption and diverse populations are needed. Keywords Resistance training . Bariatric surgery . MBS . Strength
Introduction Exercise post-metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) has shown to improve fat loss, strength retention, insulin sensitivity, and cardiorespiratory fitness [1, 2]. Nonetheless, the majority of post-MBS patients do not reach the national physical activity guidelines of 150 min of moderate to vigorous intensity per week [3], therefore increasing the risk for post-MBS weight regain [4–6].
The American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) recommends adults with obesity to engage in high physical activity volumes to achieve weight loss. According to ACSM, people with obesity who aim to lose weight should perform at least 250–300 min of moderate to vigorous physical activity per week [7]. ACSM further recommends all individuals perform muscle strengthening exercises two to three times per week, at a volume of two to four sets per exercise with eight to 12 repetitions per set at 60–70% of weight relative to one
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s11695-020-04837-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Elisa Morales-Marroquin [email protected]; [email protected]
1
School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics & Environmental Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Dallas, TX, USA
2
Center for Pediatric Population Health, Children’s Health System of Texas, and School of Public Health University of Texas Health, Dallas, TX, USA
3
Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA
4
Institute for Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, Children’s Health Andrews, Plano, TX, USA
5
Department of Surger
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