Responses of Grain Yield and Nutrient Content to Combined Zinc and Nitrogen Fertilizer in Upland and Wetland Rice Variet
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Responses of Grain Yield and Nutrient Content to Combined Zinc and Nitrogen Fertilizer in Upland and Wetland Rice Varieties Grown in Waterlogged and Well-Drained Condition Supapohn Yamuangmorn 1 & Rarinthorn Rinsinjoy 1 & Sithisavet Lordkaew 2 & Bernard Dell 3 & Chanakan Prom-u-thai 1 Received: 20 April 2020 / Accepted: 15 June 2020 # Sociedad Chilena de la Ciencia del Suelo 2020
Abstract This study explored the response in grain yield and quality of upland and wetland rice varieties to a combination of zinc (Zn) and nitrogen (N) fertilizers under two water management regimes. A factorial arrangement based on a randomized complete block design composed of three factors was carried out with three independent replications. Upland and wetland rice varieties were grown with three fertilizer treatments; the optimum N rate (86 kg N ha−1) without Zn application, the optimum N rate with Zn (50 kg ZnSO4 ha−1), and the high N rate (172 kg N ha−1) with Zn under waterlogged and well-drained conditions. Grain yield was 27% lower in the well-drained than in the waterlogged condition in wetland rice, while there was no effect in upland rice. Application of optimum N with Zn application produced the highest grain yield in upland rice, while yield was the highest in wetland rice in high N with Zn application. Upland rice grown in the well-drained condition with the optimum and high N with Zn treatments enhanced Zn concentration by 45% and 29% higher than the treatment without Zn, respectively, while it had no difference among three treatments in the waterlogged condition. Wetland rice variety grown under the well-drained condition in optimum and high N rate with Zn treatments were equally effective in improving grain Zn concentration at the average of 88% compared to the control. While rice grown under the waterlogged condition in the high N with Zn treatment had improved 92% the concentration. The optimum N rate with Zn application increased grain yield in upland rice, while the higher N input is required for wetland rice. Grain Zn concentrations of upland and wetland rice varieties were enhanced by applying Zn fertilizer; however, the increased level was depended on N application rate in the individual water condition. Keywords Combining fertilizer . Nutritional quality . Water management . Dryland rice . Flooded soil . Oryza sativa
1 Introduction Zinc is an essential micronutrient for plants, being a cofactor in many proteins involved in cell division, nucleic acid metabolism, and protein synthesis, as well as playing a key role in controlling the activity of the antioxidative enzymes by protecting cells from reactive oxygen species (Broadley et al. * Chanakan Prom-u-thai [email protected]; [email protected] 1
Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
2
Center for Agricultural Resource Systems Research, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
3
School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch Uni
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