Enhanced glutathione content improves lateral root development and grain yield in rice plants
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Enhanced glutathione content improves lateral root development and grain yield in rice plants Seong‑Im Park1,2 · Jin‑Ju Kim1 · Hyeng‑Soo Kim3 · Young‑Saeng Kim4 · Ho‑Sung Yoon1,2,5 Received: 18 March 2020 / Accepted: 4 November 2020 © Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract Key message Enhanced glutathione content improves lateral root development by positively regulating the transcripts of root development genes responsive to glutathione treatment, thereby increasing the overall productivity of rice plants. Abstract Glutathione is primarily known as a cellular antioxidant molecule, but its role in lateral root development in rice plants has not been elucidated. Here, we have investigated its role in lateral root development of rice Oryza sativa L. Exogenous glutathione (GSH) promoted both the number and length of lateral roots in rice, and the GSH biosynthesis inhibitor buthionine sulfoximine (BSO) significantly reduced these parameters, compared to untreated plants. The inhibition by BSO was reversed with exogenous GSH. Transcript profiling by RNA-seq revealed that expression of the transcription factor genes DREB and ERF and the hormone-related genes AOS, LOX, JAZ, and SAURwere significantly downregulated in the BSO-treated plants and, in contrast, upregulated in plants treated with GSH and with GSH and BSO together. We generated OsGS-overexpressing transgenic plants in which the transgene is controlled by the abiotic-stress-inducible OsRab21 promoter to study the effect of endogenously increased GSH levels. In cold stress, transgenic rice plants enhanced stress tolerance and lateral root development by maintaining redox homeostasis and improving upregulating the expression of transcription factors and hormone-related genes involved in lateral root development. We observed improved root growth of OsGS-overexpressing plants in paddy fields compared to the wild-type controls. These traits may have alleviated transplanting stress during early growth in the field and accounted for the increased productivity. These results provide information and perspectives on the role of GSH in gene expression, lateral root development, and grain yield in rice. Keywords GSH · Rice · OsGS · Lateral root development · Transcript profile · Cold stress · Grain yield
Introduction Development of the root system is a critical aspect of plant growth and development. Optimal root architecture allows plants to utilize water and resources effectively and to be anchored in the soil. Lateral roots are crucial to this architecture. As sessile organisms, plants must adapt to different, and sometimes stressful, environments. Their ability to Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s11103-020-01093-w) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Young‑Saeng Kim [email protected] * Ho‑Sung Yoon [email protected] Extended author information available on the last page of the article
modulate root system architecture in response to the external environment such
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