Resting and Functional Pupil Response Metrics Indicate Features of Reward Sensitivity and ASD in Children
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Resting and Functional Pupil Response Metrics Indicate Features of Reward Sensitivity and ASD in Children Antoinette Sabatino DiCriscio1 · Vanessa Troiani1,2,3,4
© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The current study examined the relationship between quantitative measures of reward and punishment sensitivity, features of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and resting and functional pupil response metrics across a clinically heterogeneous sample. Scores on a parent-report measure of punishment and reward sensitivity were correlated with ASD features. We also assessed whether pupil measurements could be used as a physiologic correlate of reward sensitivity and predictor of ASD diagnosis. In a logistic regression model, pupil dilation metrics, sex, and IQ, correctly classified 86.3% of participants as having an ASD diagnosis versus not. This research highlights individual differences of reward sensitivity associated with ASD features. Results support the use of pupil metrics and other patient-level variables as predictors of ASD diagnostic status. Keywords Autism spectrum disorder · Individual differences · Pupillometry · Motivation · Reward · Punishment sensitivity
Background It has been hypothesized that core diagnostic features of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) result from disruptions to neural networks associated with reward processing and motivation (Chevallier et al. 2012; Clements et al. 2018; Dichter et al. 2012c; Kohls et al. 2012a, 2012b; Mundy et al. 2007). This hypothesis has primarily been tested using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), in which a participant’s brain response to various types of rewards are assessed (see Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04721-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Antoinette Sabatino DiCriscio [email protected] * Vanessa Troiani [email protected] 1
Geisinger Health System, Geisinger Autism & Developmental Medicine Institute (ADMI), 120 Hamm Drive, Suite 2A, Lewisburg, PA 17837, USA
2
Department of Imaging Science and Innovation, Center for Health Research, Geisinger, Danville, PA, USA
3
Neuroscience Institute, Geisinger, Danville, PA, USA
4
Department of Basic Sciences, Geisinger Commonwealth School of Medicine, Scranton, PA, USA
Bottini 2018; Clements et al. 2018 for review). Neuroimaging studies have characterized disruptions to reward circuity in response to social rewards (i.e. faces) (Choi et al. 2015; Damiano et al. 2015; Dichter et al. 2012a; Kohls et al. 2012b, 2018) that align with deficits in social motivation (Chevallier et al. 2012) and atypical social approach behaviors. Atypical reward-based responses in ASD have been extended to other classes of rewards including non-social stimuli (Assaf et al. 2013; Cascio et al. 2014; Clements et al. 2018; Dichter et al. 2012b; Solomon et al. 2009; Stavropoulos and Carver 2014) specifically those that are sub
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