Rethinking sustainable bioenergy development in Japan: decentralised system supported by local forestry biomass
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SPECIAL FEATURE: CASE REPORT Developing Sustainable Bio-Energy Systems in Asia
Rethinking sustainable bioenergy development in Japan: decentralised system supported by local forestry biomass Chun Sheng Goh1,2 · Takanobu Aikawa3 · Amanda Ahl4 · Kanae Ito5 · Chihiro Kayo6 · Yasunori Kikuchi7,8,9 · Yasuo Takahashi10 · Takaaki Furubayashi11 · Toshihiko Nakata11 · Yuichiro Kanematsu8 · Osamu Saito1 · Yoshiki Yamagata2 Received: 13 January 2019 / Accepted: 9 September 2019 © Springer Japan KK, part of Springer Nature 2019
Abstract Bioenergy has been promoted in Japan with ambitious targets. However, the incentive schemes excluded renewable heat and overlooked synergies with local forest management, leading to the development of large-scale biomass plants that heavily rely on overseas biomass supplies. This case report discussed an alternative scenario of decentralised bioenergy systems supported with local biomass through five important questions. The currently available knowledge indicates that such a scenario is feasible with integrative forest management that considers both ecosystem services and multiple uses of wood. In addition to various environmental benefits, replacing imported fossil fuels with local biomass can also enhance energy security. Realising this scenario requires careful consideration of local context, empowerment of local governments and encouragement of both public and private initiatives. Keywords Biomass · Bioenergy · Japan · Forest · Sustainability · Decentralised system
Introduction Handled by Fabrice Renaud, University of Glasgow School of Interdisciplinary Sciences, Germany. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s11625-019-00734-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Chun Sheng Goh [email protected]; [email protected] 1
Bioenergy is deemed a negative emission solution for climate change when it is combined with sustainable land and forest management (including afforestation and reforestation). On the one hand, bioenergy can potentially substitute
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Integrated Research System for Sustainability Science (IR3S), The University of Tokyo, Institutes for Advanced Study, 7‑3‑1 Hongo, Bunkyo‑ku, Tokyo 113‑8654, Japan
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Presidential Endowed Chair for ‘‘Platinum Society”, The University of Tokyo, Ito International Research Center, 7‑3‑1 Hongo, Bunkyo‑ku, Tokyo 113‑0033, Japan
Department of Chemical System Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7‑3‑1 Hongo, Bunkyo‑ku, Tokyo 113‑8656, Japan
United Nations University, Institute for Advanced Sustainability Studies (UNU-IAS), 5‑53‑70 Jingumae, Shibuya‑ku, Tokyo 150‑8925, Japan
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Japan’s National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), 16‑2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki Prefecture 305‑0053, Japan
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Renewable Energy Institute, 1‑13‑1 Nishi‑Shimbashi, Minato, Tokyo 105‑0004, Japan
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Department of Innovation, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 3‑3‑6 Shibaura, Minato, Tokyo 105‑0023, Japan
Institute for Global Environ
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