Reticular Chemistry and Metal-Organic Frameworks for Clean Energy
- PDF / 1,233,361 Bytes
- 10 Pages / 612 x 792 pts (letter) Page_size
- 36 Downloads / 192 Views
and Metal-Organic Frameworks for Clean Energy Omar M. Yaghi and Qiaowei Li
This article is an edited transcript of the MRS Medal presentation given by Omar Yaghi (University of California, Los Angeles) on November 28, 2007, at the 2007 Materials Research Society Fall Meeting in Boston. Yaghi was awarded the Medal for “his pioneering work on the synthesis, structure, and theory of metal-organic frameworks.” The MRS Medal recognizes a specific outstanding recent discovery or advancement that is expected to have a major impact on the progress of any materials-related field.
Abstract Reticular chemistry concerns the linking of molecular building blocks into predetermined structures using strong bonds. We have been working on creating and developing the conceptual and practical basis of this new area of research. As a result, new classes of crystalline porous materials have been designed and synthesized: metal-organic frameworks, zeolitic imidazolate frameworks, and covalent organic frameworks. Crystals of this type have exceptional surface areas (2,000–6,000 m2/g) and take up voluminous amounts of hydrogen (7.5 wt% at 77 K and 3–4 × 106 Pa), methane (50 wt% at 298 K and 2.5 × 106 Pa), and carbon dioxide (140 wt% at 298 K and 3 × 106 Pa). We have driven the basic science all the way to applications without losing sight of our quest for understanding the underlying molecular aspects of this chemistry. The presentation was focused on the design concepts, synthesis, and structure of these materials, with emphasis on their applications to onboard energy storage.
Introduction I am delighted to be here and I am pleased and honored to receive this award. In this lecture, I will show how one can take a simple idea from basic science and planning through to application. The field of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs)1 is rapidly expanding; more than 1,000 new MOF structures have been reported each year for the last few years.2 This is an unparalleled development—it is the fastest growing field in materials chemistry, and it is also the first time that one has such a diverse class of new materials to investigate. I call the chemistry I will be discussing today “reticular chemistry.” I will describe the basic thinking behind reticular chemistry and the design strategy and show that this chemistry leads to a cornucopia
682
of new materials. The focus today will be on polyhedral and periodic MOFs, but I will also mention covalent-organic frameworks (COFs)3 and more recent work on zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs).4 I will then briefly describe the applications of MOFs to clean energy, hydrogen5–7 and methane storage,8 and carbon dioxide capture.9 Finally, I will describe the mass production of these materials by BASF in collaboration with my group.10
Reticular Chemistry The meaning of the word reticular is “net-like.” I define reticular chemistry as the chemistry concerned with the linking of molecular building blocks—these can be organic molecules, inorganic clusters, dendrimers, peptides, and proteins—into
predetermined s
Data Loading...
