Revolution Under Attack The Forqan Group of Iran

During the revolution in Iran, a small, fanatical group called the Forqan used targeted assassinations of religious leaders to fight the Ayatollah Khomeini's plan to establish a theocratic Islamic state. Ronen A. Cohen examines what really happened behind

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10.1057/9781137502506 - Revolution Under Attack, Ronen A. Cohen

Copyright material from www.palgraveconnect.com - licensed to The Chinese University of Hong Kong - PalgraveConnect - 2016-02-21

Revolution Under Attack

10.1057/9781137502506 - Revolution Under Attack, Ronen A. Cohen

Copyright material from www.palgraveconnect.com - licensed to The Chinese University of Hong Kong - PalgraveConnect - 2016-02-21

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The Forqan Group of Iran

Ronen A. Cohen

10.1057/9781137502506 - Revolution Under Attack, Ronen A. Cohen

Copyright material from www.palgraveconnect.com - licensed to The Chinese University of Hong Kong - PalgraveConnect - 2016-02-21

Revolution Under Attack

revolution under attack

Copyright © Ronen A. Cohen, 2015. First published in 2015 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN® in the United States—­a division of St. Martin’s Press LLC, 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10010. Where this book is distributed in the UK, Europe and the rest of the world, this is by Palgrave Macmillan, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited, registered in England, company number 785998, of Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS. Palgrave Macmillan is the global academic imprint of the above companies and has companies and representatives throughout the world. Palgrave® and Macmillan® are registered trademarks in the United States, the United Kingdom, Europe and other countries. ISBN: 978–1–137–50249–0 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Cohen, Ronen.    Revolution under attack : the Forqan Group of Iran / Ronen A. Cohen.     pages cm   ISBN 978–1–137–50249–0 (hardback)— ISBN 978–1–137–50251–3 (e-book)— ISBN 978–1–137–50250–6 (e-book)    1. Guruh-i Furqan. 2. Iran—History—Revolution, 1979. 3. Iran—History—1979–1997. I. Title. DS318.81.C64 2015 955.05942—dc23

2014040606

A catalogue record of the book is available from the British Library. Design by Newgen Knowledge Works (P) Ltd., Chennai, India. First edition: April 2015 10  9  8  7  6  5  4  3  2  1

10.1057/9781137502506 - Revolution Under Attack, Ronen A. Cohen

Copyright material from www.palgraveconnect.com - licensed to The Chinese University of Hong Kong - PalgraveConnect - 2016-02-21

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My comfort and home

10.1057/9781137502506 - Revolution Under Attack, Ronen A. Cohen

Copyright material from www.palgraveconnect.com - licensed to The Chinese University of Hong Kong - PalgraveConnect - 2016-02-21

To Yael

10.1057/9781137502506 - Revolution Under Attack, Ronen A. Cohen

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Preface

ix

Acknowledgments

xv

List of Abbreviations 1 Theological Approaches

xvii 1

2 The Emergence of the Forqan Group

21

3 The Fundamental Ideology of the Forqan

33

4 Acts of Terror and Assassination—The Trojan Horse Inside the Islamic Revolution

79

5 The CIA, SAVAK, and Mossad Connections with the Forqan

101

6 The Termination of the Forqan Gr