Rhinergasilus unguilongus n. sp. (Copepoda: Ergasilidae): A Gill Parasite of the Freshwater Fish Prochilodus lineatus (V
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Rhinergasilus unguilongus n. sp. (Copepoda: Ergasilidae): A Gill Parasite of the Freshwater Fish Prochilodus lineatus (Valenciennes, 1837) (Actinopterygii: Prochilodontidae) from the Neotropical Region, Brazil Rodrigo Bravin Narciso1 · Gilmar Perbiche‑Neves2 · Reinaldo José da Silva1 Received: 24 April 2020 / Accepted: 11 August 2020 © Witold Stefański Institute of Parasitology, Polish Academy of Sciences 2020
Abstract Purpose To describe, based on morphological features, a new copepod species of Rhinergasilus, Rhinergasilus unguilongus n. sp., collected from gills of the Streaked prochilod, Prochilodus lineatus (Valenciennes, 1837), sampled in the Veados and Paranapanema Rivers, two tributaries of the Jurumirim Reservoir (Upper Paranapanema River, Paraná River Basin), São Paulo State, Brazil. Methods Fish were collected using multi-panel gill nets. The gills of each fish were washed and examined for copepods using a stereo microscope. The copepods found were stored in 70% ethanol, cleared in lactic acid, and mounted in Hoyer’s medium. Drawings were made with the aid of a microscope equipped with a drawing tube. Results The new copepod species can be distinguished from its two congeners, Rhinergasilus piranhus (type-species) Boeger et Thatcher, 1988 and Rhinergasilus digitus Narciso, Brandão, Perbiche-Neves et Silva, 2020, due to its extremely long antennary claw (etymology of the species), being longer than the other antennary segments; third leg lacking any interpodal plate; and third endopodal segment of third leg lacking a distal spine. Conclusions Based on the morphological differences, we erected a new species of Rhinergasilus. The new copepod represents the second report of a Rhinergasilus species parasitizing a fish from the Jurumirim Reservoir. It also represents the first report of this genus in P. lineatus. Keywords Cyclopoida · Crustacea · Ectoparasite · Paranapanema · Ribeirão dos veados · Streaked prochilod
Introduction The Ergasilidae Burmeister, 1835 is a unique family among cyclopoid copepods in which only post-mated adult females are parasites while the developmental stages from nauplii to copepodites (♂♀) and adult males are free-living organisms [1]. Ergasilids are recorded in a wide variety of aquatic habitats, from marine to freshwater environments, and in almost every continent and zoogeographic region, excepted Antarctica [2, 3]. This family currently comprises 263 species from 30 valid genera, parasitic mainly on fishes—Actinopterygii * Rodrigo Bravin Narciso [email protected] 1
Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCAR), São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
2
(majority) and Elasmobranchii—with few species living in bivalve molluscs [4–7]. In fishes, fertilized females can be found attached to gills, nostrils, fins, embedded into host tissues (i.e. mesoparasitic species) or inside the urinary bladder [5, 8, 9]. Despite their small size, the damage inflicted by
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