Risk factors associated with avascular fibrous membrane in patients with retinopathy of prematurity
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Risk factors associated with avascular fibrous membrane in patients with retinopathy of prematurity Emrah Utku Kabatas . Serdar Ozates
Received: 3 December 2019 / Accepted: 20 June 2020 Ó Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract Purpose We sought to assess the risk factors associated with avascular fibrous membrane development in patients with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Methods This retrospective, cross-sectional study included premature infants diagnosed with ROP. Gestational age, birth weight, stage and zone of the ROP, the presence of plus disease, and laser photocoagulation (LP) application were noted for each patient. Location, extension, development time, vanishing time of the avascular fibrous membrane, and associated complications were also noted. Patients who developed avascular fibrous membrane formed the membrane group (n = 38) and those who did not develop avascular fibrous membrane formed the control group (n = 208). Results Mean gestational age and birth weight did not differ between the groups (p = 0.897 and
p = 0.343). ROP developed significantly earlier in the control group than in the membrane group (p \ 0.001). The patients in the control group underwent LP treatment significantly earlier than did patients in the membrane group (p \ 0.001). Regression analysis showed that higher postmenstrual age at the time of ROP diagnosis increased the risk of avascular fibrous membrane development by up to 1.6-fold (p = 0.002; 95% CI 1.2–2.3) and later LP treatment was associated with a 3.3-fold increased risk of avascular fibrous membrane development (p = 0.003; 95% CI 1.5–7.3). Conclusions Late-onset ROP and later LP treatment were found to be associated with an increased risk of avascular fibrous membrane development in patients with ROP. Keywords Retinopathy of prematurity Laser photocoagulation Avascular fibrous membrane
This material was presented at Turkish Ophthalmology Association the 52nd National Congress as an oral presentation.
Introduction E. U. Kabatas Department of Ophthalmology, Dr. Sami Ulus Maternity and Children’s Health and Diseases Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey S. Ozates (&) Department of Ophthalmology, Kars Harakani State Hospital, Yenis¸ ehir Mahallesi, I˙smail Aytemiz Blv. No: 55, 36200 Merkez, Kars, Turkey e-mail: [email protected]
Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a treatable ocular disease caused by abnormal vascular development of the immature retina [1]. Usually, ROP regresses spontaneously without additional treatment; however, laser photocoagulation (LP) or intravitreal vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) antagonist injection
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may be required to prevent severe complications such as retinal detachment [1]. Even following strict screening and appropriate treatment, ROP may progress or promote avascular fibrous membrane formation in some infants. These membranes, however, should not be confused with the cicatricial membranes that develop during the regressi
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