Risk Management and Governance Concepts, Guidelines and Applications
Risk is a popular topic in many sciences - in natural, medical, statistical, engineering, social, economic and legal disciplines. Yet, no single discipline can grasp the full meaning of risk. Investigating risk requires a multidisciplinary approach. The a
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Terje Aven
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Ortwin Renn
Risk Management and Governance Concepts, Guidelines and Applications
Prof. Terje Aven University of Stavanger 4036 Stavanger Norway [email protected]
Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Ortwin Renn University of Stuttgart Institute of Social Sciences V and Environment Seidenstraße 36 70174 Stuttgart Germany [email protected]
ISBN 978-3-642-13925-3 e-ISBN 978-3-642-13926-0 DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-13926-0 Springer Heidelberg Dordrecht London New York Library of Congress Control Number: 2010935448 # Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2010 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Violations are liable to prosecution under the German Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Cover design: eStudio Calamar, Figureres, Spain Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Preface
Today’s society seems to be preoccupied with the notion of risk. The examples of the devastating flood in Pakistan in 2010, the hurricane Katrina in 2005, the so called “Mad Cow Disease” (BSE) in Great Britain, the terrorist attack on the World Trade Center in New York, and the major accident of a nuclear power plant in Chernobyl to name just a few, have gained much public attention and have given rise to a growing discontent between the public’s desire to see risks reduced and the actual performance of risk management institutions. There is confusion about the potential of risk assessment and risk management. What can society do to reduce risks? What does the term “risk” imply and how is this term understood among engineers and statisticans, natural and social scientists, regulators, social groups and the public at large? What is so special about risk that makes it such an important issue in contemporary politics? There are more questions than answers when people talk about risks (Short 1984; Aven 2003; Renn 2008). The career of the term “risk” is a rather recent phenomenon, however (Fischhoff et al. 1984). Of course, risk has always been part of human existence and the field of risk research started as early as human beings started to reflect on the possibility of their own death and contemplated actions to avoid dangerous situations. The fundamental mathematical tool for risk assessment, probability th
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