Robust Power System Frequency Control
This updated edition of the industry standard reference on power system frequency control provides practical, systematic and flexible algorithms for regulating load-frequency, offering new solutions to the technical challenges introduced by the escalating
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Hassan Bevrani
Robust Power System Frequency Control Second Edition
Power Electronics and Power Systems
Series editors Joe H. Chow Alex M. Stankovic David Hill
For further volumes: http://www.springer.com/series/6403
Hassan Bevrani
Robust Power System Frequency Control Second Edition
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Hassan Bevrani University of Kurdistan Sanandaj Kurdistan Iran
ISSN 2196-3185 ISSN 2196-3193 (electronic) ISBN 978-3-319-07277-7 ISBN 978-3-319-07278-4 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-07278-4 Springer Cham Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London Library of Congress Control Number: 2014939936 © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2014 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. Exempted from this legal reservation are brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis or material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the Copyright Law of the Publisher’s location, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Permissions for use may be obtained through RightsLink at the Copyright Clearance Center. Violations are liable to prosecution under the respective Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Dedicated to my parents and Halimeh
Foreword
The evolution of the Power Grid over the past two decades, influenced by the deregulation of the power Industry and the emergence of the smart grid has posed several challenges to the Power industry. An important one is maintaining the frequency at the nominal value under widely operating system conditions. The presence of renewable sources such as Wind power, Solar power as well as the Micro grid and Battery storage technologies has made frequency control a challenging task. The Wide Area Measurement System (WAMS) has opened up new poss
