Roles of FERONIA-like receptor genes in regulating grain size and quality in rice
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les of FERONIA-like receptor genes in regulating grain size and quality in rice 1,2,3†
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Long Wang , Dandan Wang , Zhuhong Yang , Shun Jiang , Jianing Qu , Wei He , 2 3 2 2* 1,3* Zhenming Liu , Junjie Xing , Youchu Ma , Qinlu Lin & Feng Yu 1
State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, and Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and 2
Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Rice and By-product Deep Processing, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China; State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha 410125, China
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Received May 5, 2020; accepted July 17, 2020; published online August 20, 2020
Grain yield and quality are critical factors that determine the value of grain crops. In this study, we analyzed the functions of 12 FERONIA-like receptor (FLR) family members in rice and investigated their effects on grain size and quality. We found that FLR1, FLR2 and FLR8 negatively regulated grain size, and FLR15 positively regulated grain size. flr1 mutants had a higher cell number and an accelerated rate of grain filling compared to wild-type plants, which led to grains with greater widths. A mechanism underlying the regulation of grain size by FLR1 is that FLR1 is associated with OsRac1 Rho-like GTPase, a positive regulator of grain size. Regarding grain quality, the flr1 mutant had a higher percentage of chalkiness compared with wild-type plants, and seeds carrying mutations in flr3 and flr14 had endosperms with white floury cores. To elucidate the possible mechanism underlying this phenomenon, we found that FLR1 was constitutively expressed during endosperm development. RNA-seq analysis identified 2,367 genes that were differentially expressed in the flr1 mutant, including genes involved in starch and sucrose metabolism and carbon fixation. In this study, we identified the roles played by several FLR genes in regulating grain size and quality in rice and provided insights into the molecular mechanism governing the FLR1-mediated regulation of grain size. FLR, chalkiness, seed size, grain quality, OsRac1 Citation:
Wang, L., Wang, D., Yang, Z., Jiang, S., Qu, J., He, W., Liu, Z., Xing, J., Ma, Y., Lin, Q., et al. (2020). Roles of FERONIA-like receptor genes in regulating grain size and quality in rice. Sci China Life Sci 63, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11427-020-1780-x
INTRODUCTION Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most important cereal crops worldwide and is consumed by more than half of the world’s population. In recent years, consumers have become increasingly selective regarding the flavor of rice, and breeding programs have focused on generating high-yield
†Contributed equally to this work *Corresponding authors (Qinlu Lin, email: [email protected]; Feng Yu, email: [email protected])
and high-quality rice breeds (Zhang, 2007). The grain yield of rice is influenced by three major factors: the number of grains
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