Rubber Technology
About ten years after the publication of the Second Edition (1973), it became apparent that it was time for an up-date of this book. This was especially true in this case, since the subject matter has traditionally dealt mainly with the structure, propert
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RUBBER TECHNOLOGY THIRD EDITION
Edited by
MAURICE MORTON
Regents Professor Emeritus of Polymer Chemistry The University of Akron Akron, Ohio
Sponsored by the Rubber Division of the
AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
~ VAN NOSTRAND REINHOLD COMPANY ~
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ New York
ISBN-13: 978-1-4615-7825-3 e-ISBN-13: 978-1-4615-7823-9 001: 10.1007/978-1-4615-7823-9 Copyright © 1987 by Van Nostrand Reinhold Company Inc. Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1987 Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 86-26791
All rights reserved. Certain portions of this work © 1959, 1973 by Van Nostrand Reinhold Company Inc. No part of this work covered by the copyright hereon may be reproduced or used in any form or by any means-graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, taping, or information storage and retrieval systems-without written permission of the publisher. Van Nostrand Reinhold Company Inc. 115 Fifth Avenue New York, New York 10003 Van Nostrand Reinhold Company Limited Molly Millars Lane Wokingham, Berkshire ROl1 2PY, England Van Nostrand Reinhold 480 La Trobe Street Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia Macmillan of Canada Division of Canada Publishing Corporation 164 Commander Boulevard Agincourt, Ontario MIS 3C7, Canada 16 15
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Rubber technology. Includes bibliographical references and index. I. Rubber industry and trade. I. Morton, Maurice. 678'.2 86-26791 TS1890.R86 1987
To my wife Lilian for her patience and encouragement
PREFACE About ten years after the publication of the Second Edition (1973), it became apparent that it was time for an up-date of this book. This was especially true in this case, since the subject matter has traditionally dealt mainly with the structure, properties, and technology of the various elastomers used in industry, and these are bound to undergo significant changes over the period of a decade. In revising the contents of this volume, it was thought best to keep the original format. Hence the first five chapters discuss the same general subject matter as before. The chapters dealing with natural rubber and the synthetic elastomers are up-dated, and an entirely new chapter has been added on the thermoplastic elastomers, which have, of course, grown tremendously in importance. Another innovation is the addition of a new chapter, "Miscellaneous Elastomers," to take care of "old" elastomers, e.g., polysulfides, which have decreased somewhat in importance, as well as to introduce some of the newly-developed synthetic rubbers which have not yet reached high production levels. The editor wishes to express his sincere appreciation to all the contributors, without whose close cooperation this task would have been impossible. He would especially like to acknowledge the invaluable assistance of Dr. Howard Stephens in the planning of this book, and for his suggestion of suitable authors. He would also like to express his sincere thanks to Connie Morrison, of the Rubber D
